Iron Ram

1) beard (rare);

2) brim, of a hat or helmet;

3) the beak or armed prow of ships (of war), stem; róa fyrir barð e-m (= róa fyrir stafn e-m), to thwart one.

* * *

n. [identical in etymology but not in sense to Lat. barba, Engl. beard, Germ. bart; the Scandin. dialects all call the beard skegg; Swed. skägg; Dan. skjæg; barð in the sense of barba is quite alien from the Scandin. idioms; the passages, Edda 109 (skegg heitir barð) and höggva börðum í gras, Íd. 12, a poem of the end of the 13th century, are isolated instances: bart in Dan. is a mod. word]:—Lat. ora, margo:

α. a brim of a helmet or hat (hjálmbarð, hattbarð), Fas. iii. 341.

β. the verge, edge of a hill (holtbarð, túnbarð, brekkubarð, hólbarð, etc.), freq. in local names of farms in Icel.

γ. the wing or side fin of some fishes, e. g. whales, cp. barðhvalr; of flat fishes, raja pastinaca (skötubarð).

δ. the beak or armed prow of ships, esp. ships’ of war, [cp. A. S. barda, a beaked ship]; so barded, of a horse in armour; hence Barði or Járnbarði is the name of a sort of ram in olden times, e. g. the famous Járnbarði ( Iron Ram) of carl Eric, described, Fms. ii. 310; cp. also Fb. i. 280: the stem, Gr. στείρη, Jb. 398; róa fyrir barð e-rn, to thwart one, Gþl. 519, Eg. 386, Fms. vii. 195; skulu vér binda akkeri fyrir barð hverju skipi, xi. 66, ii. 273, Lex. Poët.

ε. several compds are used in Icel. referring to parts of the head, e. g. hökubarð, kinnbarð, kjálkabarð, ora genae, maxillae, but without any notion of ‘beard,’ cp. Isid. granos et cinnabar Gothorurn, 19. 23; the cinnabar and the present Icel. kinnabarð seem to be etymologically identical.

काल a. (

-ली f.)

1 Black, of a dark or dark-blue colour; Rām.5.17.9. Mb.8.49.48.

-2 Injuring, hurting.

-लः 1 The black or dark-blue colour.

-2 Time (in general); विलम्बितफलैः कालं निनाय स मनोरथैः R.1.33; तस्मिन्काले at that time; काव्यशास्त्रविनोदेन कालो गच्छति धीमताम् H.1.1 the wise pass their time &c.

-3 Fit or opportune time (to do a thing), proper time or occasion; (with gen., loc., dat., or inf.); R.3.12,4.6,12.69; पर्जन्यः कालवर्षी Mk.1.6; काले वर्षतु पर्जन्यः &c.

-4 A period or portion of time (as the hours or watches of a day); षष्ठे काले दिवसस्य V.2.1. Ms.5.153.

-5 The weather.

-6 Time considered as one of the nine dravyas by the Vaiśeṣikas.

-7 The Supreme Spirit regarded as the destroyer of the Universe, being a personification of the destructive principle; कालः काल्या भुवनफलके क्रीडति प्राणिशारैः Bh.3.39.

-8 (a) Yama, the god of death; कः कालस्य न गोचरान्तरगतः Pt.1.146. (b) Death, time of death; स हि कालो$स्य दुर्मतेः Rām.7.64.1.

-9 Fate, destiny.

-1 The black part of the eye.

-11 The (Indian) cuckoo.

-12 The planet Saturn.

-13 N. of Śiva; N. of Rudra; उग्ररेता भवः कालो वामदेवो धृतव्रतः Bhāg.3.12.12.

-14 A measure of time (in music or prosody).

-15 A person who distils and sells spirituous liquor.

-16 A section, or part.

-17 A red kind of plumbago.

-18 Resin, pitch.

-19 N. of an enemy of Śiva.

-2 (with the Jainas) One of the nine treasures.

-21 A mystical name for the letter म्.

-22 N. of the one of four contentments mentioned in साङ्ख्यकारिका; प्रकृत्युपादानकालभागाख्याः Śāṅ. K.5.

-ला 1 N. of several plants.

-2 N. of a daughter of Dakṣa.

-3 An epithet of Durgā.

-ली 1 Blackness.

-2 Ink, black ink.

-3 An epithet of Pārvatī, Śiva's wife.

-4 A row of black clouds.

-5 A woman with a dark complexion.

-6 N. of Satyavatī, mother of Vyāsa. जनयामास यं काली शक्तेः पुत्रात्पराशरात् Mb.1.6.2; Bu. ch.4.76.

-7 Night.

-8 Censure, blame.

-9 One of the seven tongues of Fire: काली कराली च मनोजवा च सुलोहिता या च सुधूम्रवर्णा । स्फुलिङ्गिनी विश्वरुची च देवी लेलायमाना इति सप्तजिह्वाः ॥ Muṇḍ.1.2.4.

-1 A form of Durgā कालि कालि महा- कालि सीधुमांसपशुंप्रिये Mb.4.6.17. कालीतनयः a buffalo.

-11 One of the Mātṛis or divine mothers.

-12 N. of a wife of Bhīma.

-13 A sister of Yama.

-14 A kind of learning (महाविद्या)

-15 A small shrub used as a purgative.

-16 A kind of insect.

-लम् 1 Iron. क्षुरो भूत्वा हरेत्प्राणान्निशितः कालसाधनः Mb.1.14.89.

-2 A kind of perfume.

-Comp. -अयसम् iron.

-अक्षरिकः a scholar, one who can read and decipher.

-अगरु n. a kind of sandal tree, black kind of aloe; कालागुरुर्दहनमध्यगतः सम- न्ताल्लोकोत्तरं परिमलं प्रकटीकरोति Bv.1.7, R.4.81. (-n.) the wood of that tree. शिरांसि कालागुरुधूपितानि Ṛs.4.5;5.5.

-अग्निः, -अनलः 1 the destructive fire at the end of the world.

-2 an epithet of Rudra.

-3. a kind of bead (रुद्राक्ष).

-अङ्ग a. having a dark-blue body (as a sword with a dark-blue edge) Mb.4.8.1.;

-अजिनम् the hide of a black antelope.

-अञ्जनम् a sort of colly- rium; न चक्षुषोः कान्तिविशेषबुद्ध्या कालाञ्जनं मङ्गलमित्युपात्तम् Ku.7.2,82. (

-नी) a small shrub used as a purga- tive (Mar. काळी कापशी).

-अण्डजः the (Indian) cuckoo.

-अतिक्रमः, -क्रमणम् delay, being late; कालातिक्रमणं वृत्तेर्यो न कुर्वति भूपतिः Pt.1.154.

-अतिपातः, -अतिरेकः loss of time, delay; Māl.2.

-अतीत a. elapsed, passed by.

-अत्ययः 1 delay, lapse of time.

-2 loss by lapse of time.

-अध्यक्षः 1 'presiding over time', epithet of the sun.

-2 the Supreme Soul.

-अनुनादिन् m.

1 a bee.

-2 a sparrow.

-3 the Chātaka bird.

-अनुसारकः 1 Tagara tree.

-2 yellow sandal.

-अनुसारिः, -अनु- सारिन्, -अनुसारिवा, -अनुसार्यः, -र्यकः benzoin or benja- min.

(-र्यम्) 1 a yellow fragrant wood (पीतचन्दन).

-2 Sissoo wood.

-अन्तकः time, regarded as the god of death, and the destroyer of every thing.

-अन्तरम् 1 an interval.

-2 a period of time.

-3 another time or opportunity. ˚आवृत a. hidden or concealed in the womb of time. ˚क्षम a. able to bear delay; अकालक्षमा देव्याः शरीरावस्था K.263; Ś.4. ˚प्रेक्षिन् Pt.3.172. ˚विषः an animal venomous only when enraged, as a rat.

-अभ्रः a dark, watery cloud.

-अयनम् See कालचक्र Bhāg.5.22.11.

-अवधिः appointed time.

-अवबोधः knowledge of time and circumstances; Māl.3.11.

-अशुद्धिः f.

-अशौचम् period of mourning, ceremonial impurity caused by the birth of a child or death of a relation in the family; see अशौच.

-अष्टकम् 1 first to eighth days of the dark half of the month आषाढ (festival period of कालभैरव)

-2 a stotra of कालभैरव by Śhaṅkarāchārya.

-आकृष्ट a.

1 led to death.

-2 produced or brought by time.

-आत्मक a. depending on time or desti- ny.

-आत्मन् m. the Supreme Spirit.

-आदिकः The month चैत्र.

-आम्रः 1 a mango-kind; कालाम्ररसपीतास्ते नित्यं संस्थित- यौवनाः Mb.6.7.18.

-2 N. of a Dvīpa; Hariv.

-आयसम् iron. -a. made of iron; ततः कालायसं शूलं कण्टकैर्बहुभिश्च तम् Rām.7.8.15.

-उप्त a. sown in due season.

-कञ्जम् a blue lotus.

-कटम्, -कटः an epithet of Śiva; Mb.13.

-कण्ठः 1 a peacock.

-2 a sparrow.

-3 a wagtail.

-4 a gal- linule.

-5 an epithet of Śiva; कालिन्दीकालकण्ठः कलयतु कुशलं को$पि कापालिको नः Udb.; U.6.

-कण्ठी Pārvatī, the wife of कालकण्ठ i. e. शिव. नृत्यन्तीमिव रजनी नटीं प्रतीमो गानश्री- र्विलसति नाथ कालकण्ठी Rām Ch.7.23.

-कण्टक, -कण्ठकः a gallinule.

-कण़्डकः a water-snake.

-करणम् appointing or fixing time.

-कर्णिका, -कर्णी misfortune.

-कर्मन् n.

1 death.

-2 destruction; त्रैलोक्यं तु करिष्यामि संयुक्तं काल- कर्मणा Rām.3.64.62.

-कलायः dark pulse.

-कल्प a fatal, deadly.

-कल्लकः A water-snake.

-कालः Supreme Being.

-कीलः noise.

-कुण्ठः Yama.

-कुष्ठः a myrrh.

-कूटः, -टम् (a) a deadly poison; अहो बकी यं स्तनकाल- कूटं अपाययत् Bhāg.3.2.23; Ś.6. (b) the poison churned out of the ocean and drunk by Śiva; अद्यापि नोज्झति हरः किल कालकूटम् Ch. P.5. कालकूटस्य जननीं तां स्तुवे वामलोचनाम् Vb.

-कूटकः a poison; Mb.1.

-कृत् m.

1 the sun.

-2 a peacock.

-3 Supreme Spirit.

-कृत 1 produced by time.

-2 fixed, appointed.

-3 lent or deposited,

-4 done for a long time. (

-तः) the sun.

-क्रमः lapse of time, course of time; कालक्रमेण in course or process of time; Ku.1.19.

-क्रिया 1 fixing a time.

-2 death.

-क्षेपः 1 delay, loss of time; कालक्षेप ककुभसुरभौ पर्वते पर्वते ते (उत्पश्यामि) Me.22; मरणे कालक्षेपं मा कुरु Pt.1.

-2 passing the time.

-खञ्जम्, -खञ्जनम् -खण्डम् the liver; स्वादुकारं कालखण्डोपदंशम् Śi.18.77.

-गङ्गा the river Yamu- nā.

-ग्रन्थिः a year.

-घातिन् a. killing by degrees or slowly (as a poison).

-चक्रम् 1 the wheel of time (time being represented as a wheel always moving).

-2 a cycle.

-3 (hence fig.) the wheel of fortune, the vicissitudes of life. (

-क्रः) an epithet of the sun.

-चिह्नम् a symptom of approaching death.

-चोदित a. summoned by the angel of death.

-जोषकः One who is satisfied with sparse food at the proper time.

-ज्येष्ठः a. senior in years, grown up; U.5.12.

-ज्ञ a. knowing the proper time or occasion (of any action); अत्यारूढो हि नारीणामकालज्ञो मनोभवः R.12.33; Śi.2.83.

(-ज्ञः) 1 an astrologer.

-2 a cock.

-ज्ञानिन् m. an epithet of Śiva.

-तिन्दुकः a kind of ebony.

-त्रयम् the three times; the past, the present, and the future; ˚दर्शी K.46.

-दण्डः death; श्रेयस्त्रैविक्रमस्ते वितरतु विबुधद्वेषिणां कालदण्डः Dk.

-दमनी an epithet of Durgā.

-दष्ट a. doomed to death; कालदष्टं नृपं ज्ञात्वा Bm.1.18.

-धर्मः, -धर्मन् m.

1 the line of conduct suitable to any parti- cular time.

-2 the law or rule of time.

-3 effects proper to the time.

-4 fated time, death; कालधर्मं गते सगरे Rām.1.42.1. न पुनर्जीवितः कश्चित्कालधर्ममुपागतः Mb.; परीताः काल- धर्मणा &c.

-धारणा prolongation of time.

-नरः (in astro- logy) the figure of a man's body.

-नाथः; -निधिः Śiva.

-नियोगः decree of fate or destiny; लङ्घ्यते न खलु काल- नियोगः Ki.9.13.

-निरूपणम् determination of time, chronology.

-निर्यासः Bdellium (Mar. गुग्गुळ).

-नेमिः 1 the rim of the wheel of time.

-2 N. of a demon, uncle of Rāvaṇa, deputed by him to kill Hanūmat.

-3 N. of a demon with 1 hands killed by Viṣṇu. ˚अरिः, रिपुः, हरः, हन् m. epithets of Kṛiṣṇa.

-पक्व a. ripened by time; i. e. spontaneously; Ms.6.17,21; Y.3.49.

-परिवासः standing for a time so as to become stale.

-पर्णः the flower plant (Mar. नगर).

-पर्ययः a delay (कालातिक्रम); वक्तुमर्हसि सुग्रीवं व्यतीतं कालपर्यये Rām.4.31.8.

-पर्यायः the revolution or course of time; मन्ये लोकविनाशो$यं कालपर्यायनोदितः Mb.11.15.41.

-पाशः the noose of Yama or death.

-पाशिकः a hang- man.

-पु (पू) रुषः an attendant of Yama.

-पृष्ठम् 1 a species of antelope.

-2 a heron.

(-कम्) 1 N. of the bow of Karṇa; Ve.4.

-2 a bow in general.

-प्रभातम् autumn or Śarad; (the two months following the rainy season considered as the best time).

-बन्धन a. being under control of death (काल); प्रत्यक्षं मन्यसे कालं मर्त्यः सन् कालबन्धनः Mb.3.35.2.

-भक्षः an epithet of Śiva.

-भृत् m. the sun.

-भैरवः an epithet of Śiva.

-मल्लिका, -मान (लः) the plant ocimum (Mar. तुळस).

-मालम् a measure of time.

-मुखः a species of ape; Mb.3.292.12.

-मेषी, -मेशिका, -मेषिका f. the Manjiṣṭha plant.

-यवनः a kind of yavanas and enemy of Kṛiṣṇa and an invincible foe of the Yādavas. Kṛiṣṇa, finding it impossible to vanquish him on the field of battle, cunningly decoyed him to the cave where Muchakunda was sleeping who burnt him down.

-यापः, -यापनम् procrastination, delay, putting off.

-योगः fate, destiny.

-योगतः according to the requirements of the time; Pt.1.184.

-योगिन् m. an epithet of Śiva.

-रात्रिः, -रात्री f.

1 a dark night.

-2 a sister of Yama.

-3 the Amāvasyā on which lamps are lighted (in the Divali holidays).

-4 the night of destruction at the end of the world (iden- tified with Durgā); कालरात्रीति तां (सीतां) विद्धि सर्वलङ्का- विनाशिनीम् Rām.5.51.34.

-5 a particular night in the life of man, on the 7th day of the 7th month of the 77th year.

-रुद्रः Rudra regarded as the fire that is to destroy the world.

-लवणम् the बिड salt. (Mar. संचळखार)

-लोहक्, -लौहम् steel.

-वलनम् the armour.

-विप्रकर्षः prolongation of time. विषयबाहुल्यं कालविप्रकर्षश्च स्मृतिं प्रमुष्णाति Mv.5.9.

-विभक्तिः f. a section or part of time; Ms.1.24.

-वृद्धिः f. periodical interest (payable monthly, quarterly, or at stated times); Ms.8.153.

-वृन्तः a kind of pulse (कुलत्थ).

-वेला the time of Saturn, i. e. a particular time of the day (half a watch every day) at which any religious act is improper.

-संकर्षा a girl nine years old personating Durgā at a festival.

-संकर्षिन् a. shortening time (as a mantra); कालसंकर्षिणीं विद्यां दीक्षापूर्वमुपादिशत् Ks.68.65.

-संगः a. delay; जानामि कार्यस्य च कालसंगम् Rām.4.33.53.

-संरोधः 1 keeping back for a long time; Ms.8.143.

-2 lapse of a long period of time; Ms.8.143.

-सदृश a. opportune, timely.

-समन्वित, -समायुक्त a. dead; Rām.2.65.16.

-संपन्न a. dated, bearing a date.

-सर्पः the black and most poisonous variety of the snake; Gīt.1.12.

-सारः the black antelope. (

-रम्) a yellow sort of sandal wood. a. having a black centre or pupil; न कालसारं हरिणं तदक्षिद्वयं प्रभुर्बुद्धुमभून्मनोभूः N.6.19.

-सूत्रम्, -सूत्रकम् 1 thread of time or death.

-2 N. of a particular hell; Y.3.222; Ms.4.88.

-स्कन्दः the Tamāla tree.

-स्वरूप a. terrible as death, (deathlike in form).

-हरः an epithet of Śiva.

-हरणम् loss of time, delay; Ś.3; U.5; यात्वन्येन (वरेण) विहाय कालहरणं रामो वनं दण्डकाम् Mv.4.41.

-हानिः f. delay; मामक्षमं मण्डनकालहानेर्वेत्तीव बिम्बाधरबद्धतृष्णम् R.13.16.

अश्मन् a. Ved. Eating or pervading; अश्मान्नाना- माधिपत्यं जगाम Av.18.4.54. m. [अश्नुते व्याप्नोति संहन्त्यनेन बा˚ मनिन् Uṇ.4.146]

1 A stone; नाराचक्षेपणी- याश्मनिष्पेषोत्पतितानलम् R.4.77.

-2 A hard stone, rock.

-3 Flint. ततो$श्मसहिता धाराः संवृण्वन्त्यः समन्ततः Mb.3.143.19.

-4 A cloud.

-5 A thunderbolt.

-6 A mountain.

-Comp. -आस्य a. having a stone-mouth or source, flowing from a rock; अश्मास्यमवतं ब्रह्मणस्पतिः Rv.2.24.4.

-उत्थम् bitumen.

-कदली N. of a plant, a kind of कदली.

-कुट्ट, -कुट्टक a.

1 breaking anything on stones.

-2 broken by a stone. (

-ट्टः, -ट्टकः) a class of devotees; a वानप्रस्थ Rām.3.6.2; Y.3.49; Ms.6.17.

-केतुः [अश्मेव केतुर्यस्य] N. of a plant.

-गन्धा N. of a plant, cf. अश्वगन्धा.

-गर्भः, -गर्भम्, -गर्भजः, -जम्, -योनिः an emerald.

-गर्भजः fire produced from a flint.

-गुडः -डा a kind of weapon.

-घ्नः N. of a tree; (पाषाणभेद ?);

-चक्र a. furnished with a disc of stone.

-जः, -जम् 1 red-chalk.

-2 iron.

-जतु n.,

-जतुकम् bitumen. (Mar. दगडफूल, शिलाजित, डांबर.)

-जातिः an emerald named पन्ना.

-दारणः an axe or crow for breaking stones. (

-णम्) breaking stones or rocks.

-दिद्यु a. one who has obtained a stony weapon having adamantine weapons or grasped weapons (व्याप्तायुध, अश्ममयायुध).

-नगरम् N. of a town in which Kālakeya resided.

-पुष्पम् bitumen, benzoin (शिलारस).

-भालम् a mortar of stone or iron.

-भिद्, -भेदः, -भेदकः the plant Coleus Scutellarioides (supposed to dissolve stone in the bladder; Mar. कोरळ).

-योनिः An emerald named पन्ना.

-रथः N. of a sage.

-वर्षः A hail-shower. विनाश्मवर्षाशनिपातदोषैः काले च देशे प्रववर्ष देवः Bu. Ch.2.7.

-व्रज a. included in rocks.

-सार a. like iron or stone. अश्मसारमिदं नूनमथवाप्यजरामरम् Rām.5.26.6.

(-रः, -रम्). 1 iron; अश्मसारमयं शूलम् Bhāg.8.11.3. प्राणाः सत्वरमश्म- सारकठिना गच्छन्ति गच्छन्त्वमी S. D.

-2 sapphire.

-3 a saw (क्रकच); दारोश्चूर्णमिवाश्मसारविहितम् Mb.12.298.45. ˚मय a. made of iron cf. Śiv. B.14.25.

-हन्मन् n.

1 a weapon of iron; Rv.7.14.5.

-2 a stroke of the thunderbolt.

अयस् a. [इ-गतौ-असुन्] Going, moving; nimble. n.

(-यः) 1 Iron (एति चलति अयस्कान्तसंनिकर्षं इति तथात्वम्; नायसोल्लिख्यते रत्नम् Śukra 4.169. अभितप्तमयो$पि मार्दवं भजते कैव कथा शरीरिषु R.8.43.

-2 Steel.

-3 Gold.

-4 A metal in general.

-5 Aloe wood.

-6 An iron instrument; यदयोनिधनं याति सो$स्य धर्मः सनातनः Mb.6.17.11.

-7 Going. m. Fire. [cf. L. aes, aeris; Goth. ais, eisarn; Ger. eisin].

-Comp. -अग्रम्, -अग्रकम् a hammer, a mace or club tipped with iron; a pestle for cleaning grain.

-अपाष्टि a. Ved. furnished with iron claws or heels.

-कंसः, -सम् an iron goblet.

-कणपम् A kind of weapon, which throws out iron-balls; अयःकणपचक्राश्म- भुशुण्डयुक्तबाहवः Mb.1.227.25.

-काण्डः 1 an iron-arrow.

-2 excellent iron.

-3 a large quantity of iron.

-कान्तः (अयस्कान्तः)

1 'beloved of iron', a magnet, load-stone; शम्भोर्यतध्वमाक्रष्टुमयस्कान्तेन लोहवत् Ku.2.59; स चकर्ष परस्मा- त्तदयस्कान्त इवायसम् R.17.63; U.4.21. अयस्कान्तमयः संक्रामति M. Bh. on P.III.1.7.

-2 a precious stone; ˚मणिः a loadstone; अयस्कान्तमणिशलाकेव लोहधातुमन्तः- करणमाकृष्टवती Māl.1.

-कारः 1 an iron-smith, blacksmith.

-2 the upper part of the thigh.

-किट्टम्, -कीजम् rust of iron.

-कुम्भः an iron vessel, boiler &c.; so ˚पात्रम्.

-कुशा a rope partly consisting of iron.

-कृतिः f.a preparation of iron; one of the ways of curing leprosy (महाकुष्ठचिकि- त्साभेदः).

-गः an iron hammer.

-गुडः 1 a pill; one made of some preparation of iron.

-2 an iron ball; दीप्तशूलष्टर्ययोगुडान् Ms.3.133.

-3 A kind of weapon con- sisting of iron balls; लगुडायोगुडाश्मानः Mb.7.3.16.

-घनः [अयो हन्यते अनेन इति P.III.3.82] an iron hammer, forge hammer; गदापरिघनिस्त्रिंशपट्टिशायोघनोपलैः Mb. 7.25.58. अयोघनेनाय इवाभितप्तम्R.14.33.

-चूर्णम् iron filings.

-जाल a. having iron nets; of impenetrable guiles. (

-लम्) an iron net-work; अयोजालानि निर्मथ्य भित्त्वा रत्नगृहं वरम् Rām.3.35.35.

-ताप a. making iron red-hot.

-दत्, -दंष्ट्र a. Ved. iron-toothed, having iron rims (as chariots); having iron weapons; पश्यन् हिरण्यचक्रान- योदंष्ट्रान् विधोवतो वराहून् Rv.1.88.5.

-दती a. proper name; (स्त्रियां संज्ञायाम् P.V.4.143).

-दण्डः an iron club, K.76.

-धातुः iron metal; अयोधातुं यद्वत्परिलघुरयस्कान्त- शकलः U.4.21.

-पानम् (अयःपानम्) N. of a hell (where redhot iron is forced down the throats of those who are condemned to it).

-पिण्डः A canon-ball.

-प्रतिमा (अयःप्रतिमा) an iron image.

-बाहुः Name of a son of Dhṛitarāṣṭra.

-मलम् rust of iron; so ˚रजः, ˚रसः.

-मुख a. (

-खी f.)

1 having an iron mouth, face, or beak.

-2 tipped or pointed with iron; भूमिं भूमिशयांश्चैव हन्ति काष्ठमयोमुखम् Ms.1.84. (

-खः) an arrow (iron- pointed); भेत्स्यत्यजः कुम्भमयोमुखेन R.5.55.

-शङ्कुः 1 an iron spear;

-2 an iron nail, pointed iron spike, अयःशङ्कुचितां रक्षः शतघ्नीमथ शत्रवे R.12.95.

-शय a. lying in, made of iron, (said of fire).

-शूलम् 1 an iron lance.

-2 a forcible means, a violent proceeding (तीक्ष्णः उपायः Sk.); (cf. आयःशूलिक; also K. P.1; अयःशूलेन अन्विच्छतीत्यायःशूलिकः).

-स्थूण a.

1 (अय˚ or यः˚) having iron pillars or stakes. हिरण्यरूपमुषसो व्युष्टावयः- स्थूणमुदिता सूर्यस्य Rv.5.62.8.

-2 Name of a Ṛiṣi Śat. Br.

-हत a. Ved. embossed in iron-work, made by a priest who wears a golden ring on his finger (B. and R.); रक्षोहा विश्वचर्षणिरभि योनिमयोहतम् Rv.9.1.2.

-हृदय a. iron-hearted, stern, cruel, unrelenting; सुहृदयोहृदयः प्रतिगर्जताम् R.9.9.

अग्निः [अङ्गति ऊर्ध्वं गच्छति अङ्ग्-नि,नलोपश्च Uṇ.4.5., or fr. अञ्च् 'to go.']

1 Fire कोप˚, चिन्ता˚, शोक˚, ज्ञान˚, राज˚, &c.

-2 The God of fire.

-3 Sacrificial fire of three kinds (गार्हपत्य, आहवनीय and दक्षिण); पिता बै गार्हपत्यो$ ग्निर्माताग्निर्दक्षिणः स्मृतः । गुरुराहवनीयस्तु साग्नित्रेता गरीयसी ॥ Ms. 2.232.

-4 The fire of the stomach, digestive faculty, gastric fluid.

-5 Bile (नाभेरूर्ध्व हृदयादधस्तादामाशयमाचक्षते तद्गतं सौरं तेजः पित्तम् इत्याचक्षते).

-6 Cauterization (अग्नि- कर्मन्).

-7 Gold.

-8 The number three. शराग्निपरिमाणम् (पञ्चत्रिंशत्) Mb.13.17.26.

-9 N. of various plants: (a) चित्रक Plumbago Zeylanica; (b) रक्तचित्रक; (c) भल्लातक Semicarpus Anacardium; (d) निम्बक Citrus Acida.

-1 A mystical substitute for the letter र्. In Dvandva comp. as first member with names of deities, and with particular words अग्नि is changed to अग्ना, as ˚विष्णू, ˚मरुतौ, or to अग्नी, ˚पर्जन्यौ, ˚ वरुणौ, ˚षोमौ

-11 पिङगला नाडी; यत्र तद् ब्रह्म निर्द्वन्द्वं यत्र सोमः, (इडा) सहाग्निना (अग्निः पिङ्गला) Mb.14.2.1.

-12 Sacrificial altar, अग्निकुण्ड cf. Rām. 1.14.28.

-13 Sky. अग्निर्मूर्धा Muṇḍ 2.1.4. [cf. L. ignis.

[Agni is the God of Fire, the Ignis of the Latins and Ogni of the Slavonians. He is one of the most prominent deities of the Ṛigveda. He, as an immortal, has taken up his abode among mortals as their guest; he is the domestic priest, the successful accomplisher and protector of all ceremonies; he is also the religious leader and preceptor of the gods, a swift messenger employed to announce to the immortals the hymns and to convey to them the oblations of their worshippers, and to bring them down from the sky to the place of sacrifice. He is sometimes regarded as the mouth and the tongue through which both gods and men participate in the sacrifices. He is the lord, protector and leader of people, monarch of men, the lord of the house, friendly to mankind, and like a father, mother, brother &c. He is represented as being produced by the attrition of two pieces of fuel which are regarded as husband and wife. Sometimes he is considered to have been brought down from heaven or generated by Indra between two clouds or stones, created by Dyau, or fashioned by the gods collectively. In some passages he is represented as having a triple existence, which may mean his three- fold manifestations as the sun in heaven, lightning in the atmosphere, and as ordinary fire on the earth, although the three appearances are also elsewhere otherwise explained. His epithets are numberless and for the most part descriptive of his physical characteristics: धूमकेतु, हुतभुज्, शुचि, रोहिताश्व, सप्तजिह्व, तोमरधर, घृतान्न, चित्रभानु, ऊर्ध्वशोचिस्, शोचिष्केश, हरिकेश, हिरण्यदन्त, अयोदंष्ट्र &c. In a celebrated passage he is said to have 4 horns, 3 feet, 2 heads, and 7 hands. The highest divine functions are ascribed to Agni. He is said to have spread out the two worlds and + produced them, to have supported heaven, formed the mundane regions and luminaries of heaven, to have begotten Mitra and caused the sun to ascend the sky. He is the head and summit of the sky, the centre of the earth. Earth, Heaven and all beings obey his commands. He knows and sees all worlds or creatures and witnesses all their actions. The worshippers of Agni prosper, they are wealthy and live long. He is the protector of that man who takes care to bring him fuel. He gives him riches and no one can overcome him who sacrifices to this god. He confers, and is the guardian of, immortality. He is like a water-trough in a desert and all blessing issue from him. He is therefore constantly supplicated for all kinds of boons, riches, food, deliverance from enemies and demons, poverty, reproach, childlessness, hunger &c. Agni is also associated with Indra in different hymns and the two gods are said to be twin brothers.

Such is the Vedic conception of Agni; but in the course of mythological personifications he appears as the eldest son of Brahmā and is called Abhimānī [Viṣṇu Purāṇa]. His wife was Svāhā; by her, he had 3 sons - Pāvaka, Pavamāna and Śuchi; and these had forty-five sons; altogether 49 persons who are considered identical with the 49 fires. He is also represented as a son of Aṅgiras, as a king of the Pitṛs or Manes, as a Marut and as a grandson of Śāṇḍila, and also as a star. The Harivaṁśa describes him as clothed in black, having smoke for his standard and head-piece and carrying a flaming javelin. He is borne in a chariot drawn by red horses and the 7 winds are the wheels of his car. He is accompanied by a ram and sometimes he is represented as riding on that animal. Agni was appointed by Brahamā as the sovereign of the quarter between the south and east, whence the direction is still known as Āgneyī. The Mahābhārata represents Agni as having exhausted his vigour and become dull by devouring many oblations at the several sacrifices made by king Śvetaki, but he recruited his strength by devouring the whole Khāṇḍava forest; for the story see the word खाण्डव].

-Comp. -अ (आ) गारम् -रः, -आलयः, -गृहम् [अग्निकार्याय अगारम् शाक˚ त.] a fire- sanctuary, house or place for keeping the sacred fire; वसंश्चतुर्थो$ग्निरिवाग्न्यगारे R.5.25. रथाग्न्यगारं चापार्चीं शरशक्तिगदे- न्धनम् Mb.11.25.14.

-अस्त्रम् fire-missile, a rocket,

-आत्मक a. [अग्निरात्मा यस्य] of the nature of fire सोमा- त्मिका स्त्री, ˚कः पुमान्.

-आधानम् consecrating the fire; so ˚आहिति.

-आधेयः [अग्निराधेयो येन] a Brāhmana who maintains the sacred fire. (

-यम्) =

˚आधानम्. -आहितः [अग्निराहितो येन, वा परनिपातः P.II.2.37.] one who maintains the sacred fire; See आहिताग्नि.

-इध् m. (अग्नीध्रः) [अग्निम् इन्द्धे स अग्नीध्] the priest who kindles fire (mostly Ved).

-इन्धनः [अग्निरिध्यते अनेन] N. of a Mantra. (नम्) kindling the fire; अग्नीन्धनं भैक्षचर्याम् Ms.2.18.

-उत्पातः [अग्निना दिव्यानलेन कृतः उत्पातः] a fiery portent, meteor, comet &c. In Bṛ. S.33 it is said to be of five kinds: दिवि भुक्तशुभफलानां पततां रूपाणि यानि तान्युल्काः । धिष्ण्योल्का- शनिविद्युत्तारा इति पञ्चधा भिन्नाः ॥ उल्का पक्षेण फलं तद्वत् धिष्ण्याशनिस्त्रिभिः पक्षैः । विद्युदहोभिः ष़ड्भिस्तद्वत्तारा विपाचयति ॥ Different fruits are said to result from the appearances of these portents, according to the nature of their colour, position &c.

-उद्धरणम्, -उद्धारः 1 producing fire by the friction of two araṇis.

-2 taking out, before sun-rise, the sacred fire from its cover of ashes previous to a sacrifice.

-उपस्थानम् worship of Agni; the Mantra or hymn with which Agni is worshipped (अग्निरुपस्थीयते$नेन) अग्निस्त्रिष्टुभ् उपस्थाने विनियोगः Sandhyā.

-एधः [अग्निमेधयति] an incendiary.

-कणः; -स्तोकः a spark.

-कर्मन् n. [अग्नौ कर्म स. त.]

1 cauterization.

-2 action of fire.

-3 oblation to Agni, worship of Agni (अग्निहोत्र); so ˚कार्य offering oblations to fire, feeding fire with ghee &c.; निर्वर्तिताग्निकार्यः K.16.; ˚र्यार्धदग्ध 39, Ms.3.69, अग्निकार्यं ततः कुर्यात्सन्ध्ययोरुभयोरपि । Y.1.25.

-कला a part (or appearance) of fire; ten varieties are mentioned धूम्रार्चिरुष्मा ज्वलिनी ज्वालिनी विस्फु- लिङ्गिनी । सुश्री: सुरूपा कपिला हव्यकव्यवहे अपि ॥ यादीनां दश- वर्णानां कला धर्मप्रदा अमूः ।).

-कारिका [अग्निं करोति आधत्ते करणे कर्तृत्वोपचारात् कर्तरि ण्वुल्]

1 the means of consecrating the sacred fire, the Ṛik called अग्नीध्र which begins with अग्निं दूतं पुरो दधे. 2. = अग्निकार्यम्.

-काष्ठम् अग्नेः उद्दीपनं काष्ठं शाक ˚त.] agallochum (अगुरु)

-कुक्कुटः [अग्नेः कुक्कुट इव रक्तवर्णस्फुलिङ्गत्वात्] a firebrand, lighted wisp of straw.

-कुण्डम [अग्नेराधानार्थं कुण्डम्] an enclosed space for keeping the fire, a fire-vessel.

-कुमारः, -तनयः; सुतः 1 N. of Kārttikeya said to be born from fire; Rām.7. See कार्त्तिकेय.

-2 a kind of preparation of medicinal drugs.

-कृतः Cashew-nut; the plant Anacardium occidentale. [Mar.काजू]

-केतुः [अग्नेः केतुरिव]

1 smoke.

-2 N. of two Rākṣasas on the side of Rāvaṇa and killed by Rāma.

-कोणः -दिक् the south-east corner ruled over by Agni; इन्द्रो वह्निः पितृपतिर्नौर्ऋतो वरुणो मरुत् । कुबेर ईशः पतयः पूर्वादीनां दिशां क्रमात् ॥

-क्रिया [अग्निना निर्वर्तिता क्रिया, शाक. त.]

1 obsequies, funeral ceremonies.

-2 branding; भेषजाग्निक्रियासु च Y.3.284.

-क्रीडा [तृ. त.] fire-works, illuminations.

-गर्भ a. [अग्निर्गर्भे यस्य] pregnant with or containing fire, having fire in the interior; ˚र्भां शमीमिव Ś 4.3. (

--र्भः) [अग्निरिव जारको गर्भो यस्य]

1 N. of the plant Agnijāra.

-2 the sun stone, name of a crystal supposed to contain and give out fire when touched by the rays of the sun; cf Ś2.7.

-3 the sacrificial stick अरणि which when churned, gives out fire.

(-र्भा) 1 N. of the Śamī plant as containing fire (the story of how Agni was discovered to exist in the interior of the Śamī plant is told in chap. 35 of अनु- शासनपर्व in Mb.)

-2 N. of the earth (अग्नेः सकाशात् गर्भो यस्यां सा; when the Ganges threw the semen of Śiva out on the Meru mountain, whatever on earth &c. was irradiated by its lustre, became gold and the earth was thence called वसुमती)

-3 N. of the plant महा- ज्योतिष्मती लता (अग्निरिव गर्भो मध्यभागो यस्याः सा) [Mar. माल- कांगोणी]

-ग्रन्थः [अग्निप्रतिपादको ग्रन्थः शाक. त.] the work that treats of the worship of Agni &c.

-घृतम् [अग्न्युद्दीपनं घृतं शाक. त.] a kind of medicinal preparation of ghee used to stimulate the digestive power.

-चित् m. अग्निं चितवान्; चि-भूतार्थे क्विप् P.III.2.91] one who has kept the sacred fire; यतिभिः सार्धमनग्निमग्निचित् R.8.25; अध्वरे- ष्वग्निचित्वत्सु Bk.5.11.

-चयः, -चयनम्, -चित्या. arranging or keeping the sacred fire (अग्न्याधान); चित्याग्निचित्ये च P.III.1.132.

-2 (

-यः, -यनः) the Mantra used in this operation.

-3 a heap of fire

-चित्वत् [अग्निचयनम् अस्त्यस्मिन् मतुप्; मस्य वः । तान्तत्वान्न पद- त्वम् Tv.] having अग्निचयन or अग्निचित्.

-चूडः A bird having a red tuft.

-चर्णम् gunpowder. कार्यासमर्थः कत्यस्ति शस्त्रगोलाग्निचूर्णयुक् Śukranīti 2.93.

-ज, -जात a. produced by or from fire, born from fire.

(-जः, -जातः) 1 N. of the plant अग्निजार (अग्नये अग्न्युद्दीपनाय जायते सेवनात् प्रभवति).

1 N. of Kārttikeya पराभिनत्क्रौञ्चमिवाद्रिमग्निजः Mb.8.9. 68.3. Viṣṇu. (

-जम्, -जातम) gold; so ˚जन्मन्.

-जित् m. God; Bhāg.8.14.4.

-जिह्व a.

1 having a fiery tongue.

-2 one having fire for the tongue, epithet of a God or of Visṇu in the boar incarnation. (

-ह्वा)

1 a tongue or flame of fire.

-2 one of the 7 tongues of Agni (कराली धूमिनी श्वेता लोहिता नीललोहिता । सुवर्णा पद्मरागा च जिह्वा: सप्त विभावसोः

-3 N. of a plant लाङ्गली (अग्नेर्जिह्वेव शिखा यस्याः सा); of another plant (जलपिप्पली) or गजपिप्पली (विषलाङ्गला) (Mar. जल-गज पिंपळी)

-ज्वाला 1 the flame or glow of fire.

-2 [अग्नेर्ज्वालेव शिखा यस्याः सा] N. of a plant with red blossoms, chiefly used by dyers, Grislea Tomentosa (Mar. धायफूल, धायटी).

-तप् a. [अग्निना तप्यते; तप्-क्विप्] having the warmth of fire; practising austerities by means of fire.

-तपस् a. [अग्निभिः तप्यते]

1 practising very aus- tere penance, standing in the midst of the five fires.

-2 glowing, shining or burning like fire (तपतीति तपाः अग्निरिव तपाः) hot as fire

-तेजस् a. having the lustre or power of fire. (अग्नेरिव तेजो यस्य). (

-स् n.) the lustre of fire. (

-स् m.) N. of one of the 7 Ṛiṣis of the 11th Manvantara.

-त्रयम् the three fires, See under अग्नि.

-द a. [अग्निं दाहार्थं गृहादौ ददाति; दा. -क.]

1 giving or supplying with fire

-2 tonic, stomachic, producing appetite, stimulating digestion.

-3 incendiary; अग्निदान् भक्तदांश्चैव Ms.9.278; अग्निदानां च ये लोकाः Y.2.74; so ˚दायक, ˚दायिन्. यदग्निदायके पापं यत्पापं गुरुतल्पगे. Rām.2.75.45.

-दग्ध a.

1 burnt on the funeral pile; अग्निदग्धाश्च ये जीवा ये$प्यदग्धाः कुले मम Vāyu. P.

-2 burnt with fire.

-3 burnt at once without having fire put into the mouth, being destitute of issue (?); (pl.) a class of Manes or Pitṛis who, when alive, kept up the household flame and presented oblations to fire.

-दमनी [अग्निर्दम्यते$नया; दम्-णिच् करणे ल्युट] a narcotic plant, Solanum Jacquini. [Mar. रिंगणी]

-दातृ [अग्निं विधानेन ददाति] one who performs the last (funeral) ceremonies of a man; यश्चाग्निदाता प्रेतस्य पिण्डं दद्यात्स एव हि.

-दीपन a. [अग्निं दीपयति] stimulating digestion, stomachic, tonic.

-दीप्त a. [तृ. त्त.] glowing, set on fire, blazing (

-प्ता) [अग्निर्जठरानलो दीप्तः सेवनात् यस्याः सा] N. of a plant ज्योतिष्मती लता (Mar. मालकांगोणी), which is said to stimulate digestion.

-दीप्तिः f. active state of digestion.

-दूत a. अग्निर्दूत इव यस्मिन् यस्य वा] having Agni for a messenger, said of the sacrifice or the deity invoked; यमं ह यज्ञो गच्छत्यग्निदूतो अरंकृतः Rv.1.14.13.

-दूषितः a. branded.

-देवः [अग्नि- रेव देवः] Agni; a worshipper of Agni.

-देवा [अग्निर्देवो यस्याः] the third lunar mansion, the Pleiades (कृत्तिका).

-द्वारम् the door on the south-east of a building; पूर्व- द्वारमथैशाने चाग्निद्वारं तु दक्षिणे । Māna.9.294-95.

-धानम् [अग्निर्धियते$स्मिन्] the place or receptacle for keeping the sacred fire, the house of अग्निहोतृ; पदं कृणुते अग्निधाने Rv. 1.165.3.

-धारणम् maintaining the sacred fire; व्रतिनां ˚णम् K. 55.

-नयनम् = ˚प्रणयनम्.

-निर्यासः [अग्नेर्ज- ठरानलस्येव दीपको निर्यासो यस्य] N. of the plant अग्निजार.

-नेत्र a. [अग्निर्नेता यस्य] having Agni for the leader or conveyer of oblations, an epithet of a god in general.

-पदम् 1 the word Agni.

-2 fire-place.

-3 N. of a plant.

-परिक्रि-ष्क्रि-या care of the sacred fire, worship of fire, offering oblations; गृहार्थो$ग्निपरिष्क्रिया Ms.2.67.

-परिच्छदः the whole sacrificial apparatus; गृह्यं चाग्निपरिच्छदम् Ms.6. 4.

-परिधानम् enclosing the sacrificial fire with a kind of screen.

-परीक्षा [तृ. त.] ordeal by fire.

-पर्वतः [अग्निसाधनं पर्वतः] a volcano; महता ज्वलता नित्यमग्निमेवाग्नि- पर्वतः Rām.5.35.43.

-पुच्छः [अग्नेः अग्न्याधानस्थानस्य पुच्छ इव]. tail or back part of the sacrificial place; the extinction of fire.

-पुराणम् [अग्निना प्रोक्तं पुराणम्] one of the 18 Purāṇas ascribed to Vyāsa. It derives its name from its having been communicated originally by Agni to the sage Vasiṣṭha for the purpose of instructing him in the two-fold knowledge of Brahman. Its stanzas are said to be 145. Its contents are varied. It has portions on ritual and mystic worship, cosmical descriptions, chapters on the duties of Kings and the art of war, a chapter on law, some chapters on Medicine and some treatises on Rhetoric, Prosody, Grammar, Yoga, Brahmavidyā &c. &c.

-प्रणयनम् bringing out the sacrificial fire and consecrating it according to the proper ritual.

-प्रणिधिः Incendiary. Dk.2.8.

-प्रतिष्ठा consecration of fire, especially the nuptial fire.

-प्रवेशः; -शनम [स. त.] entering the fire, self-immolation of a widow on the funeral pile of her husband.

-प्रस्कन्दनम् violation of the duties of a sacrificer (अग्निहोमाकरण); ˚परस्त्वं चाप्येवं भविष्यसि Mb.1.84.26.

-प्रस्तरः [अग्निं प्रस्तृणाति अग्नेः प्रस्तरो वा] a flint, a stone producing fire.

-बाहुः [अग्ने- र्बाहुरिव दीर्घशिखत्वात्]

1 smoke.

-2 N. of a son of the first Manu; Hariv. N. of a son of Priyavrata and Kāmyā. V. P.

-बीजम् 1 the seed of Agni; (fig.) gold (रुद्रतेजः समुद्भूतं हेमबीजं विभावसोः)

-2 N. of the letter र्.

-भम [अग्नि- रिव भाति; भा-क.]

1 'shining like fire,' gold.

-2 N. of the constellation कृत्तिका.

-भु n. [अग्नेर्भवति; भू-क्विप् ह्रस्वान्तः]

1 water.

-2 gold.

-भू a. [अग्नेर्भवतिः भू-क्विप्] produced from fire.

(भूः) 1 'fire-born,' N. of Kārttikeya.

-2 N. of a teacher (काश्यप) who was taught by Agni.

-3 (arith.) six.

-भूति a. produced from fire. (

-तिः) [अग्निरिव भूतिरैश्वर्यं यस्य] N. of a pupil of the last Tīrthaṅkara. (

-तिः) f. the lustre or might of fire.

-भ्राजस् a. Ved. [अग्निरिव भ्राजते; भ्राज्-असुन्] shining like fire. अग्निभ्राजसो विद्युतः Ṛv.5.54.11.

-मणिः [अग्नेरुत्थापको मणिः शाक. त.] the sunstone.

-मथ् m. [अग्निं मथ्नाति निष्पादयति; मन्थ्-क्विप्- नलोपः]

1 the sacrificer who churns the fuel-stick.

-2 the Mantra used in this operation, on the अरणि itself.

-मन्थः, -न्थनम्, producing fire by friction; or the Mantra used in this operation. (

-न्थः) [अग्निर्मथ्यते अनेन मन्थ्-करणे घञ्] N. of a tree गणिकारिका (Mar. नरवेल) Premna Spinosa (तत्काष्ठयोर्घर्षणे हि आशु वह्निरुत्पद्यते),

-मान्द्यम् slowness of digestion, loss of appetite, dyspepsia.

-मारुतिः अग्निश्च मरुच्च तयोरपत्यं इञ् ततो वृद्धिः इत् च; द्विपदवृद्धौ पृषो. पूर्वपदस्य ह्रस्वः Tv.] N. of the sage Agastya.

-मित्रः N. of a king of the Śunga dynasty, son of Puṣypamitra who must have flourished before 15 B. C. -the usually accepted date of Patañjali-as the latter mentions पुष्यमित्र by name.

-मुखः a. having Agni at the head. (

-खः) [अग्निर्मुखमिव यस्य]

1 a deity, god, (for the gods receive oblations through Agni who is, therefore, said to be their mouth; अग्निमुखा वै देवाः; अग्निर्मुखं प्रथमं देवतानाम् &c; or अग्निर्मुखे अग्रे येषाम्, for fire is said to have been created before all other gods.)

-2 [अग्निर्मुखं प्रधानमुपास्यो यस्य] one who maintains the sacred fire (अग्निहोतृद्विज)

-3 a Brāhmaṇa in general (अग्निर्दाहकत्वात् शापाग्निर्मुखे यस्य for Brāhmaṇas are said to be वाग्वज्राः).

-4 N. of two plants चित्रक Plumbago Zeylanica and भल्लातक Semicarpus Anacardium अग्निरिव स्पर्शात् दुःखदायकं मुखमग्रम् यस्य, तन्निर्यासस्पर्शेन हि देहे क्षतोत्पत्तेस्थयोस्तथात्वम्)

-5 a sort of powder or चूर्ण prescribed as a tonic by चक्रदत्त

-6 'fire- mouthed, sharp-biting, an epithet of a bug. Pt. 1. (

-खी) अग्निरिव मुखमग्रं यस्याः; गौरादि-ङीष्]

1 N. of a plant भल्लातक (Mar. बिबवा, भिलावा) and लाङ्गलिका (विषलाङ्गला).

-2 N. of the Gāyatri Mantra (अग्निरेव मुखं मुखत्वेन कल्पितं यस्याः सा, or अग्नेरिव मुखं प्रजापतिमुखं उत्पत्ति- द्वारं यस्याः, अग्निना समं प्रजापतिमुखजातत्वात्; कदाचिदपि नो विद्वान् गायत्रीमुदके जपेत् । गायत्र्याग्निमुखी यस्मात्तस्मादुत्थाय तां जपेत् ॥ गोभिल).

-3 a kitchen [पाकशाला अग्निरिव उत्तप्तं मुखं यस्याः सा].

-मूढ a. [तृ. त.] Ved. made insane or stupefied by lightning or fire.

-यन्त्रम् A gun अग्नियन्त्रधरैश्चक्रधरैश्च पुरुषैर्वृतः Śivabhārata 12.17.

-यानम् An aeroplane. व्योमयानं विमानं स्यात् अग्नियानं तदेव हि । अगस्त्यसंहिता.

-योगः See पञ्चाग्निसाधन. अग्नियोगवहो ग्रीष्मे विधिदृष्टेन कर्मणा । चीर्त्वा द्वादशवर्षाणि राजा भवति पार्थिवः ॥ Mb.13.14,2.43.

-योजनम् causing the sacrificial fire to blaze up.

-रक्षणम् 1 con- secrating or preserving the sacred (domestic) fire or अग्निहोत्र.

-2 [अग्निः रक्ष्यते अनेन अत्र वा] a Mantra securing for Agni protection from evil spirits &c.

-3 the house of an अग्निहोतृ.

-रजः, -रजस् m. [अग्निरिव रज्यते दीप्यते; रञ्ज्-असुन् नलोपः]

1 a scarlet insect by name इन्द्रगोप.

-2 (अग्नेः रजः) the might or power of Agni.

-3 gold. Mb.3. 16.86.7

-रहस्यम् mystery of (worshipping &c.) Agni; N. of the tenth book of Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa.

-राशिः a heap of fire, burning pile.

-रुहा [अग्निरिव रोहति रुह्-क] N. of the plant मांसादनी or मांसरोहिणी (तदङ्कुरस्य वह्नितुल्य- वर्णतया उत्पन्नत्वात्तथात्वं तस्याः).

-रूप a. [अग्नेरिव रूपं वर्णो यस्य] fire-shaped; of the nature of fire.

-रूपम् the nature of fire.

-रेतस् n. the seed of Agni; (hence) gold.

-रोहिणी [अग्निरिव रोहति; रुह्-णिनि] a hard inflammatory swelling in the armpit.

-लोकः the world a Agni, which is situated below the summit of Meru; in the Purāṇas it is said to be in the अन्तरिक्ष, while in the Kāśī Khaṇḍa it is said to be to the south of इन्द्रपुरी; एतस्या दक्षिणे भागे येयं पूर्दृश्यते शुभा । इमामर्चिष्मतीं पश्य वीतिहोत्रपुरीं शुभाम् ॥

-वधूः Svāhā, the daughter of Dakṣa and wife of Agni

-वर्चस् a. [अग्नेर्वर्च इव वर्चो यस्य] glowing or bright like fire. (n.) the lustre of Agni. (-m.) N. of a teacher of the Purāṇas.

-वर्ण a. [अग्नेरिव वर्णो यस्य] of the colour of fire; hot; fiery; सुरां पीत्वा द्विजो मोहादग्निवर्णां सुरां पिबेत् Ms.11.9; गोमूत्रमग्निवर्णं वा पिबेदुदकमेव वा 91.

(र्णः) 1 N. of a prince, son of Sudarśana.

-2 N. of a King of the solar race, See R.19.1. the colour of fire. (

-र्णा) a strong liquor.

-वर्धक a. stimulating digestion, tonic.

(-कः) 1 a tonic.

-2 regimen, diet (पथ्याहार).

-वल्लभः [अग्नेर्वल्लभः सुखेन दाह्यत्वात्]

1 the Śāla tree, Shorea Robusta.

-2 the resinous juice of it.

-वासस् a. [अग्निरिव शुद्धं वासो यस्य] having a red (pure like Agni) garment. (n.) a pure garment.

-वाह a. [अग्निं वाहयति अनुमापयति वा]

1 smoke.

-2 a goat.

-वाहनम् a goat (छाग).

-विद् m.

1 one who knows the mystery about Agni.

-2 an अग्निहोत्रिन् q. v.

-विमोचनम् ceremony of lowering the sacrificial fire.

-विसर्पः pain from an inflamed tumour, inflammation.

-विहरणम्, -विहारः 1 taking the sacrificial fire from आग्नीध्र to the उत्तरवेदि.

-2 offering oblations to fire; प्रत्यासन्ना ˚वेला K.348.

-वीर्यम् 1 power or might of Agni.

-2 gold.

-वेतालः Name of Vetāla (connected with the story of Vikra- māditya).

-वेशः [अग्नेर्वेश इव] N. of an ancient medical authority (चरक).

-वेश्मन् m. the fourteenth day of the karma-ṃāsa; Sūryaprajñapti.

-वेश्यः 1 N. of a teacher, Mbh.

-2 Name of the 22nd muhūrta; Sūryapraj- ñapti. धौम्य cf. Mb 14.64.8.

-शरणम्, -शाला-लम् a fire-sanctuary; ˚मार्गमादेशय Ś.5; a house or place for keeping the sacred fire; ˚रक्षणाय स्थापितो$हम् V.3.

-शर्मन् a. [अग्निरिव शृणाति तीव्रकोपत्वात् शॄ-मनिन्] very passionate. (-m.) N. of a sage.

-शिख a. [अग्नेरिव अग्निरिव वा शिखा यस्य] fiery, fire-crested; दहतु ˚खैः सायकैः Rām.

(-खः) 1 a lamp.

-2 a rocket, fiery arrow.

-3 an arrow in general.

-4 safflower plant.

-5 saffron.

-6 जाङ्गलीवृक्ष.

(-खम्) 1 saffron.

-2 gold.

(-खा) 1 a flame; शरैरग्निशिखोपमैः Mb.

-2 N. of two plants लाङ्गली (Mar. वागचबका or कळलावी) Gloriosa Superba; of other plants (also Mar. कळलावी) Meni- spermum Cordifolium.

-शुश्रूषा careful service or worship of fire.

-शेखर a. fire-crested. (

-रः) N. of the कुसुम्भ, कुङ्कुम and जाङ्गली trees (

-रम्) gold,

-शौच a. [अग्नेरिव शौचं यस्य] bright as fire; purified by fire K.252.

-श्री a. [अग्नेरिव श्रीर्यस्य] glowing like fire; lighted by Agni

-ष्टुत्, -ष्टुभ, -ष्टोम &c. see ˚ स्तुत्, ˚स्तुभ् &c.

-ष्ठम् 1 kitchen; अग्निष्ठेष्वग्निशालासु Rām.6.1.16.

-2 a fire-pan.

-संयोगाः explosives. Kau. A.2.3.

-ष्वात्तः see स्वात्तः

-संस्कारः 1 consecration of fire.

-2 hallowing or con- secrating by means of fire; burning on the funeral pile; यथार्हं ˚रं मालवाय दत्वा Dk.169; नास्य कार्यो$ग्निसंस्कारः Ms.5.69, पितरीवाग्निसंस्कारात्परा ववृतिरे क्रियाः । R.12.56.

-सखः; -सहायः 1 the wind.

-2 the wild pigeon (smoke- coloured).

-3 smoke.

-सम्भव a. [प. ब.] sprung or pro- duced from fire.

(-वः) 1 wild safflower.

-2 lymph, result of digestion. (

-वम्) gold.

-साक्षिक [अग्निः साक्षी यत्र, कप्] a. or adv. keeping fire for a witness, in the presence of fire; पञ्चबाण˚ M.4.12. ˚मर्यादो भर्ता हि शरणं स्त्रियाः H.1.v. l, R.11.48.

-सारम् [अग्नौ सारं यस्य अत्यन्तानलोत्तापनेपि सारांशादहनात् Tv.] रसाञ्जन, a sort of medical preparation for the eyes. (

-रः -रम्) power or essence of fire.

-सुतः Kārttikeya; त्वामद्य निहनिष्यामि क्रौञ्चमग्निसुतो यथा । Mb.7.156.93.

-सूत्रम् a thread of fire.

-2 a girdle of sacrificial grass (मौञ्जीमेखला) put upon a young Brāhmaṇa at the time of investiture.

-सूनुः (See -सुतः), (सेनानीरग्निभूर्गुहः । Amar.); देव्यङ्कसंविष्ट- मिवाग्निसूनुम् । Bu. ch.1.67.

-स्तम्भः 1 stopping the burning power of Agni.

-2 N. of a Mantra used in this operation.

-3 N. of a medicine so used.

-स्तुत् m. (अग्निष्टुत्) [अग्निः स्तूयते$त्र; स्तु-आधारे क्विप् षत्वम्] the first day of the Agniṣṭoma sacrifice; N. of a por- tion of that sacrifice which extends over one day; यजेत वाश्वमेधेन स्वर्जिता गोसवेन वा । अभिजिद्विश्वजिद्भ्यां वा त्रिवृता- ग्निष्टुतापि वा ॥ Ms.11.74.

-स्तुभ् (˚ष्टुभ्) m. [अग्निः स्तुभ्यते$त्र; स्तुभ्-क्विप् षत्वम्]

1 = अग्निष्टोम.

-2 N. of a son of the sixth Manu.

-रतोमः (˚ष्टोमः) [अग्नेः स्तोमः स्तुतिसाधनं यत्र]

1 N. of a protracted ceremony or sacrificeial rite extending over several days in spring and forming an essential part of the ज्योतिष्टोम.

-2 a Mantra or Kalpa with reference to this sacrifice; ˚मे भवो मन्त्रः ˚मः; ˚मस्य व्याख्यानम्, कल्पः ˚मः P.IV.3.66. Vārt.

-3 N. of the son of the sixth Manu.

-4 a species of the Soma plant; ˚सामन् a part of the Sāma Veda chanted at the conclu- sion of the Agniṣṭoma sacrifice.

-सावर्णिः Name of Manu.

-स्थ a. (ष्ठ) [अग्नौ स्थातुमर्हति; स्था-क षत्वम्] placed in, over, or near the fire. (ष्ठः) an iron frying-pan; in the अश्वमेध sacrifice the 11th Yūpa which of all the 21 is nearest the fire.

-स्वात्तः (written both as ˚स्वात्त and ˚ष्वात्त) (pl.) [अग्नितः i. e. श्राद्धीयविप्रकर- रूपानलात् सुष्ठु आत्तं ग्रहणं येषां ते] N. of a class of Pitṛs or Manes who, when living on earth, maintained the sacred or domestic fires, but who did not perform the Agniṣṭoma and other sacrifices. They are regarded as Manes of Gods and Brāhmaṇas and also as descen- dants of Marīchi; Ms.3.195. अग्निष्वात्ताः पितर एह गच्छत Tsy.2.5.12.2. (मनुष्यजन्मन्यग्निष्टोमादियागमकृत्वा स्मार्तकर्मनिष्ठाः सन्तो मृत्वा च पितृत्वं गताः इति सायणः).

-हुत्, -होतृ Ved. sacrificing to Agni, having Agni for a priest; Rv.1.66.8.

-होत्रम् [अग्नये हूयते$त्र, हु-त्र, च. त.]

1 an oblation to Agni (chiefly of milk, oil and sour gruel.).

-2 maintenance of the sacred fire and offering oblation to it; (अग्नये होत्रं होमो$स्मिन् कर्मणीति अग्निहोत्रमिति कर्मनाम); or the sacred fire itself; तपोवनाग्निहोत्रधूमलेखासु K.26. होता स्यात् ˚त्रस्य Ms.11.36. ˚त्रमुपासते 42; स्त्रीं दाहयेत् ˚त्रेण Ms.5.167,6.4, दाहयित्वाग्निहोत्रेण स्त्रियं वृत्तवतीम् Y.1.89. The time of throwing oblations into the fire is, as ordained by the sun himself, evening (अग्नये सायं जुहुयात् सूर्याय प्रातर्जुहुयात्). Agnihotra is of two kinds; नित्य of constant obligation (यावज्जीवमग्निहोत्रं जुहोति) and काम्य occasional or optional (उपसद्भिश्चरित्वा मासमेकमग्निहोत्रं जुहोति). (

-त्र) a. Ved.

1 destined for, connected with, Agnihotra.

-2 sacrificing to Agni. ˚न्यायः The rule according to which the नित्यकर्मन्s (which are to be performed यावज्जीवम्) are performed at their stipulated or scheduled time only, during one's life time. This is discussed and established by जैमिनि and शबर at Ms.6. 2.23-26. in connection with अग्निहोत्र and other कर्मन्s. ˚हवनी (णी) a ladle used in sacrificial libations, or अग्निहोत्रहविर्ग्रहणी ऋक् Tv.; See हविर्ग्रहणी; ˚हुत् offering the अग्निहोत्र; ˚आहुतिः invocation or oblation connected with अग्निहोत्र.

-होत्रिन् a. [अग्निहोत्र-मत्वर्थे इनि]

1 one who practises the Agnihotra, or consecrates and maintains the sacred fire.

-2 one who has prepared the sacrifi- cial place.

-होत्री Sacrificial cow; तामग्निहोत्रीमृषयो जगृहु- र्ब्रह्मवादिनः Bhāg.8.8.2.

m crampon

* * *

rampone s.m.

1 (mar.) harpoon

2 ( da alpinista) crampon, creeper

3 (per arrampicarsi su pali, tronchi) climbing iron, crampon.

* * *

sostantivo maschile

1) (arpione) harpoon

2) alp. climbing iron, crampon

* * *

rampone

/ram'pone/

sostantivo m.

 1 (arpione) harpoon

 2 alp. climbing iron, crampon.

लौह a. (

-ही f.) [लोहमेव लोहस्य विकारः अण्]

1 Made of iron, iron.

-2 Coppery.

-3 Metallic.

-4 Copper-colou- red, red.

-हम् 1 Iron; लौहभारसहस्रेण निर्मिता निरकारि मे Bk. 15.54.

-2 Meat of a red goat; कालशाकं च लौहं चाप्यानन्त्यं छाग उच्यते Mb.13.88.1.

-ही A kettle; ददृशुर्विस्मिता- स्तत्र नरा लौहीः सहस्त्रशः Rām.2.91.68.

-Comp. -आत्मन् m.,

-भूः f. a boiler, kettle, caldron.

-कारः a black- smith.

-जम् rust of iron.

-बन्धः, -न्धम् an iron fetter, irons.

-भाण्डम् an iron vessel.

-मलम् rust of iron.

-शास्त्रम् the science of treating metals.

-शङ्कुः an iron spike.

कृष्ण a. [कृष्-नक्]

1 Black, dark, dark-blue.

-2 Wicked, evil; मनो गुणान्वै सृजते बलीयस्ततश्च कर्माणि विलक्षणानि । शुक्लानि कृष्णान्यथ लोहितानि तेभ्यः सवर्णाः सृतयो भवन्ति ॥ Bhāg. 11.23.44.

-ष्णः 1 The black colour.

-2 The black antelope; Bhāg.1.35.19.

-3 A crow.

-4 The (Indian) cuckoo.

-5 The dark half of a lunar month (from full to new moon); Bg.8.25.

-6 The Kali age.

-7 Viṣṇu in his eighth incarnation, born as the son of Vasudeva and Devakī. [Kṛiṣna is the most celebrated hero of Indian mythology and the most popular of all the deities. Though the real son of Vasu- deva and Devakī and thus a cousin of Kaṁsa, he was, for all practical purposes, the son of Nanda and Yaśodā, by whom he was brought up and in whose house he spent his childhood. It was here that his divine character began to be gradually discovered, when he easily crushed the most redoubtable demons, such as Baka, Pūtanā &c., that were sent to kill him by Kaṁsa, and performed many other feats of surpri- sing strength. The chief companions of his youth were the Gopis or wives of the cowherds of Gokula, among whom Rādhā was his special favourite (cf. Jayadeva's Gitagovinda). He killed Kaṁsa, Naraka, Keśin, Ariṣṭa and a host of other powerful demons. He was a particular friend of Arjuna, to whom he acted as charioteer in the great war, and his staunch support of the cause of the Pāṇḍavas was the main cause of the overthrow of the Kauravas. On several critical occasions, it was Kṛiṣṇa's assistance and inventive mind that stood the Pāṇḍavas in good stead. After the general destruction of the Yādavas at Prabhāsa, he was killed unintentionally by a hunter named Jaras who shot him with an arrow mistaking him at a distance for a deer. He had more than 16 wives, but Rukmiṇi and Satyabhāmā, (as also Rādhā) were his favourites. He is said to have been of dark-blue or cloud-like colour; cf. बहिरिव मलिनतरं तव कृष्ण मनो$पि भविष्यति नूनं Gīt.8. His son was Pradyumna].

-8 N. of Vyāsa, the reputed author of the Mahābhārata; कुतः सञ्चोदितः कृष्णः कृतवान्संहितां मुनिः Bhāg.1.4.3.

-9 N. of Arjuna.

-1 Aloe wood.

-11 The Supreme spirit.

-12 Black pepper.

-13 Iron.

-14 A Śūdra; कृष्णस्तु केशवे व्यासे कोकिले$र्जुनकाकयोः । शूद्रे तामिस्रपक्षे$ग्निकलिनीलगुणेषु च ॥ Nm.

-15 The marking nut (भल्लातक); विरक्तं शोध्यते वस्त्रं न तु कृष्णोपसंहितम् Mb.12.291.1.

-ष्णा 1 N. of Drau- padī, wife of the Pāṇḍavas; तेजो हृतं खलु मयाभिहतश्च मत्स्यः सज्जीकृतेन धनुषाधिगता च कृष्णा Bhāg.1.15.7; प्रविश्य कृष्णासदनं महीभुजा Ki.1.26.

-2 N. of a river in the Dec- can that joins the sea at Machhalipaṭṭaṇa.

-3 A kind of poisonous insect.

-4 N. of several plants.

-5 A grape.

-6 A kind of perfume.

-7 An epithet of Durgā Bhāg.4.6.7.

-8 One of the 7 tongues of fire.

-9 N. of the river Yamunā; विलोक्य दूषितां कृष्णां कृष्णः कृष्णाहिना विभुः Bhāg.1.16.1.

-ष्णी A dark night; रिणक्ति कृष्णीर- रुषाय पन्थाम् Rv.7.71.1.

-ष्णम् 1 Blackness, darkness (moral also); शुक्रा कृष्णादजनिष्ट श्वितीची Rv.1.123.9.

-2 Iron.

-3 Antimony.

-4 The black part of the eye.

-5 Black pepper.

-6 Lead.

-7 An inauspicious act.

-8 Money acquired by gambling.

-Comp. -अगुरु n. a kind of sandal-wood.

-अचलः an epithet of the moun- tain Raivataka.

-अजिनम् the skin of the black ante- lope.

-अध्वन्, -अर्चिस् m. an epithet of fire; cf. कृष्ण- वर्त्मन्.

-अयस्, n.

-अयसम्, -आमिषम् iron, crude or black iron. -कृष्णायसस्येव च ते संहत्य हृदयं कृतम् Mb.5.135. 1; वाचारम्भणं विकारो नामधेयं कृष्णायसमित्येव सत्यम् Ch. Up. 6.1.6.

-अर्जकः N. of a tree.

-अष्टमी, -जन्माष्टमी the 8th day of the dark half of Śrāvaṇa when Kṛiṣṇa, was born; also called गोकुलाष्टमी.

-आवासः the holy fig-tree.

-उदरः a kind of snake.

-कञ्चुकः a kind of gram.

-कन्दम् a red lotus.

-कर्मन् a. of black deeds, criminal, wicked, depraved, guilty, sinful.

-काकः a raven.

-कायः a buffalo.

-काष्ठम् a kind of sandal-wood, agallochum.

-कोहलः a gambler.

-गङ्गा the river कृष्णावेणी.

-गति fire; ववृधे स तदा गर्भः कक्षे कृष्णगतिर्यथा Mb.13.85.56; आयोघने कृष्णगतिं सहायम् R.6.42.

-गर्भाः (f. pl.)

1 the pregnant wives of the demon Kṛiṣṇa; यः कृष्णगर्भा निरहन्नृजिश्वना Rv.1.11.1.

-2 waters in the interiors of the clouds.

-गोधा a kind of poisonous insect.

-ग्रीवः N. of Śiva.

-चञ्चुकः a kind of pea.

-चन्द्रः N. of Vasudeva.

-चर a. what formerly belonged to Kṛiṣṇa.

-चूर्णम् rust of iron, iron-filings.

-च्छविः f.

1 the skin of the black antelope.

-2 a black cloud; कृष्णच्छविसमा कृष्णा Mb.4.6.9.

-ताम्रम् a kind of sandal wood.

-तारः 1 a species of antelope.

-2 an antelope (in general)

-तालु m. a kind of horse having black palate; cf. शालिहोत्र of भोज, 67.

-त्रिवृता N. of a tree.

-देहः a large black bee.

-धनम् money got by foul means.

-द्वादशी the twelfth day in the dark half of Āṣaḍha.

-द्वैपायनः N. of Vyāsa; तमहमरागमकृष्णं कृष्णद्वैपायनं वन्दे Ve.1.4.

-पक्षः 1 the dark half of a lunar month; रावणेन हृता सीता कृष्णपक्षे$- सिताष्टमी Mahān.

-2 an epithet of Arjuna;

-पदी a female with black feet,

-पविः an epithet of Agni.

-पाकः N. of a tree (Mar. करवंद).

-पिङ्गल a. dark-brown. (

-ला) N. of Durgā.

-पिण्डीतकः (-पिण्डीरः) N. of a tree (Mar. काळा गेळा).

-पुष्पी N. of a tree (Mar. काळा धोत्रा).

-फलः (-ला) N. of a tree (Mar. काळें जिरें).

-बीजम् a watermelon.

-भस्मन् sulphate of mecury.

-मृगः the black antelope; शृङ्गे कृष्णमृगस्य वामनयनं कण्डूयमानां मृगीम् Ś.6.17.

-मुखः, -वक्त्रः, -वदनः the black-faced monkey.

-मृत्तिका 1 black earth.

-2 the gunpowder.

-यजुर्वेदः the Taittirīya or black Yajurveda.

-यामः an epithet of Agni; वृश्चद्वनं कृष्णयामं रुशन्तम् Rv.6.6.1.

-रक्तः dark-red colour.

-रूप्य =

˚चर q. v.

-लवणम् 1 a kind of black salt.

-2 a factitious salt.

-लोहः the loadstone.

-वर्णः 1 black colour.

-2 N. of Rāhu.

-3 a Śūdra; विडूरुङ्घ्रिश्रितकृष्णवर्णः Bhāg.2.1.37.

-वर्त्मन् m.

1 fire; श्रद्दधे त्रिदशगोपमात्रके दाहशक्तिमिव कृष्णवर्त्मनि R.11.42; Ms.2.94.

-2 N. of Rāhu.

-3 a low man, profligate, black-guard.

-विषाणा Ved. the horns of the black antelope.

-वेणी N. of a river.

-शकुनिः a crow; Av.19.57.4.

-शारः, -सारः, -सारङ्गः the spotted antelope; कृष्णसारे ददच्चक्षुस्त्वयि चाधिज्यकार्मुके Ś.1.6; V.4.31; पीयूषभानाविव कृष्णसारः Rām. Ch.1.3.

-शृङ्गः a buffalo.

-सखः, -सारथिः an epithet of Arjuna. (

-खी) cummin seed (Mar. जिरें).

-स्कन्धः N. of a tree (Mar. तमाल).

1) General subject: (половой) cock, penis

2) Biology: phallus

3) Colloquial: wand, gentleman's sausage

4) Australian slang: old teller

5) Euphemism: Uncle Sam

6) Jargon: peen (short for penis), choad, braun

7) Invective: bicho, jang, middle leg, piccolo (при оральном половом акте), pinga, tool, wag (обычно маленького мальчика), wang, ying-yang, Johnson, arm, cock, jing-jang, joy knob, joy-stick, pecker, pencil, peter, pole, prick, pud, pudding (особенно используемый при мастурбации), rod, whang, yang

8) Taboo: Anglican length, Athenaeum, Cyclops, Fagan, Irish root, Jezebel, John, John Thomas, Little Willie, Long Dong Silver, Mister Tom, Mr Jones, Mr. Happy, Mr. Sausage, Oscar, Perce, Percy, Randy Rupert, Rumple Foreskin, Rupert, Spam javelin, Spurt Reynolds (игра слов на spurt и имени актера Burt Reynolds), Wolver, Zab (из арабского), ace poker, almond, arbor vitae, baby-maker, bacon bazooka, bald-headed hermit, banana, bat, baton, bazooka, bean, bean-tosser, beard-jammer, beaver cleaver, bed flute (см. pink oboe; особ. как объект орального секса), bell-rope, best leg of three, big bamboo, big daddy, bingey, bit of hard (см. hard-on), bit of snug, blade, blow stick, blowtorch, blue veined steak, bog bamboo, bolt, bone phone, bowel trowel, boy, boymeat, bozak, brush, business, button worker (см. button), cannon, captain, chanticleer, cheesepipe (см. cheese), cheesy wheelbarrow, chopper, chum, clam ram, cock-opener, cocklet, copper stick, corey, corker, corn beef cudgel, cory, crab ladder, crack-haunter, cracksman, crank, cranny-hunter, cream-stick, crimson crowbar, cuckoo, cucumber, custard cannon (см. lamb cannon, mutton musket), dagger, dang, dangle, dangler, dearest member, derrick, dick, diddle, dildo, ding dong, dingle-dangle, dinosaur, dipstick, dirk, dolly, dong, donger, doob, doodle (обыч. у ребенка), doover, dork, driving post, drumstick, dummy, (от еврейского 80+90, означающего буквы pay и tzadik, являющиеся эвфемизмом слова putz q.v.) eighty-ninety, eleventh finger, enob, eye opener, fallos, fanny battering ram, fanny rat, ferret (см. exercise the ferret), fiddle-bow (см. fiddle), fishing-rod, flapjack, flapper, fleshy fugelhorn, flip-flap, flute, fool-maker, fornicating engine, fornicator, four-eleven-forty-four (4-11-44), (4-9-3-11, по номерам букв в алфавите) four-nine-three-eleven, fuck stick, fuckstick, gap-stopper, gardener, generating tool, gibbon gristle, giggle-stick, girl-catcher, girlometer, goo gun, goober, goose's neck, gooser, gravy-giver, grinding tool, gristle, guided muscle (см. meat seeking pissile), gully raker, gun, gut-stick, hair-divider, ham howitzer, hambone, hammer, hampton (см. Hampton Wick), handstaff, hang down, hanging johnny (особ. у импотента или мужчины, зараженного венерическим заболеванием), happy lamp, hermit, hickey, hicky, high pressure vein cane, hissing Sid, holy iron, holy poker, honker, hood, hoop stretcher, hootchee, horn, horse, hot dog, hot rod, ice cream machine, inch, incher, instrument, jack, jack in the box, jammy, jerking iron, jigger, jiggling bore, jimmy, jing-jang (см. jang), jock, joint, jojo, jones, junior (обычно мужчина называет так свой собственный), key, kidney-scraper, kirp (перевертыш от prick q.v.), knob, knock, knocker, labia lard, ladies' delight, ladies' lollipop, lamb cannon, lamp of life, lance, langer, langolee, large lad, leather-stretcher, leg, lemon, length (см. yardage), lingam (из санскрита), lipstick (по аналогии с тем, как помада появляется из тюбика), little Davy, little brother (см. little sister), little finger, little friend, live rabbit, live sausage (см. sausage), liver tickler (см. lung disturber), living flute, lizard, lollipop, long John (об. большого размера), love muscle, love sausage, love torpedo, lucky Pierre, lullaby, luncheon truncheon, lung-disturber (см. kidney-wiper), mac, mack, mad mick, maggot, magic wand (особ. эрегированный), main cable, man Thomas, man-root, manhood, marrowbone, matrimonial peacemaker, meat, meat flute, meat seeking pissile, meat whistle, member, mickey, middle finger, milkman, mole, mouse, mouth-muscle, mulligan, mutton dagger (см. meat), mutton musket (см. lamb cannon), needle, nightstick, nimrod, nippy, nob, noodle, old Adam, old blind Bob, old fella, old horney, old man, old root, one eyed zipper fish, one-eyed milkman, one-eyed trouser-snake, one-holed flute, organ, pax-wax, peacemaker, pecnoster, pee-pee, peeny, peewee, peg, pen, pendulum (см. dingle dangle), perch, pestle (см. mortar), pickle, piece, pike staff, pile-driver, pillock, pin, pink Darth Vader (по имени одного из героев "Звездных войн" в каске специфической формы), pink cigar (особ. как объект фелляции), pink oboe (см. blue veined trumpet), pintle, pipe, pirate of men's pants, piss-maker, pisser, pisslit, pistol, piston, pizzle, plonker, plunger, pocket rocket, pointer, poker, poo pipe pirate, pood, poontanger, pork prescription, pork sword, porridge gun, power, pricklet, pride and joy, private property, prong, pulse, pump, pump action mottgun, pump-handle, pup, purple pearler, putter, putz, quim-stake, quim-wedge, rammer, ranger, rat, raw meat, reamer, rector of the females, red cap, red-hot poker, rhythm stick, rising main, roger, rolling pin, roly-poly, rooster, root, rotoplooker (произносится ro-to-ploo-ka), salami, sausage, schlong, schmuck, screwdriver (см. screw), sexing piece, shaft, she, shit-disturber, shlong, shotgun, silent flute, skin boat, skin flute, skinflute (особ. как объект орального секса), sky-scraper, slug, snack (особ. как объект фелляции), snake, snorker, sperm worm, spindle, spout, staff, stalk, stem, stern-post, stick, sting, stormy dick, strap, strap-on, string, sucker, sugar-stick, swack, sweet meat, swipe, tadger, tail, tail-end, tail-pike, tallywag, tallywhacker, that thing, thing, thingumbob, third leg, tickler, timothy, tinkler, todger, tommy, tonge, tonk, toot meat, tosh, tossle, touch-trap, trouser snake, trouser trout, trumpet (см. blue veined trumpet, pink oboe), truncheon, tube, tummy banana, turkey neck, umbrella, unemployed, veiny bang stick, wab, weapon, wedge, wee-poh, whacker, whammer, whistle, wick, wiener, wigga-wagga, willie, willy, winkie, winkle, wire, wong, wriggling pole, yard, yosh, yutz, zipperfish, zubrick, zucchini, Baby spanner

खर a. [opp. मृदु, श्लक्ष्ण, द्रव)

1 Hard, rough, solid.

-2 Severe, sharp, strict, R.8.9; स्मरः खरः खलः कान्तः Kāv.1.59.

-3 Pungent, acid.

-4 Dense, thick.

-5 Hurtful, injurious, cutting, smart (words).

-6 Sharp- edged; देहि खरनयनशस्घातम् Gīt.1.

-7 Hot; खरांशुः &c.

-8 Cruel; Rām.6.59.17.

-रः 1 An ass, Ms.2.21; 4.115,12,8.37; Y.2.16.

-2 A mule.

-3 A heron.

-4 A crow.

-5 A kind of prickly nightshade.

-6 A quadrangular mound of earth for receiving the sacri- ficial vessels.

-7 A Daitya or demon in general

-8 An attendant of (a) Sūrya, (b) Śiva.

-9 N. of a demon, half-brother of Rāvaṇa and slain by Rāma; R.12.42.

-1 N. of the 25th year of the sixty years cycle; खरो बालेयवर्षयोः Nm.

-रम् ind. In a sharp way; Rām.3.

-Comp. -अंशुः, -करः, -रश्मिः the sun.

-अब्दाङ्कुरकः lapis lazuli.

-उष्ट्रम् ass and camel; सममेषां विवीते$पि खरोष्ट्रं महिषीसमम् Y.2.16.

-कण्डूयनम् making worse any evil; Mb.3.

-कुटी 1 a stable for asses.

-2 a barber's shop; a barber's bag तत्वं खरकुटीः पश्य Mbh.IV.1.3.

-कोणः, -क्वाणः the francoline partridge.

-कोमलः the month of Jyeṣttod;ha.

-गृहम्, -गेहम् 1 a stable for asses.

-2 a tent.

-चर्मा a crocodile; Gīrvāṇa.

-णस्, -णस a. sharp-nosed.

-दण्डम् a lotus; खरदण्डजलाशयम् Bhāg.4. 6.29.

-दला the opposite-leaved fig-tree.

-दूषणः the thorn apple.

-ध्वंसिन् m. an epithet of Rāma, who killed the demon खर; मध्यं पातु खरध्वंसी Rāma-rakṣā.

-नादः the braying of an ass.

-नालः a lotus; नार्वाग्गतस्तत्खरनालनाल- नाभिं विचिन्वंस्तदविन्दताजः Bhāg.3.8.19.

-पात्रम् an iron vessel.

-पादाढ्यः the wood-apple.

-पालः a wooden vessel.

-प्रियः a pigeon.

-यानम् a donkey-cart; Ms.11.21.

-लोमन् a kind of serpent; L. D. B.

-वृषभः a jack-ass.

-शब्दः 1 the braying of an ass.

-2 an osprey.

-शाला a stable for asses.

-सारम् iron.

-स्पर्श a. sharp, hot (wind); वायुर्वाति खरस्पर्शः Bhāg.1.14.16.

-स्वरा wild jasmine.

गिरि a. [गॄ-इ किच्च Uṇ.4.142] Venerable, respectable, worshipful.

-रिः 1 A hill, mountain, an elevation; पश्याधः खनने मूढ गिरयो न पतन्ति किम् Subhāṣ.; ननु प्रवाते$पि निष्कम्पा गिरयः Ś.6.

-2 a huge rock.

-3*** A disease of the eyes.

-4 An honorific title given to Saṁnyāsins; e. g. आनन्दगिरिः

-5 (In math.) The number 'eight'.

-6 A ball with which children play (गेन्दुक).

-7 A cloud.

-8 A peculiar defect in quicksilver.

-रिः f.

1 Swallowing.

-2 A rat; mouse (written also गिरी in this sense).

-Comp. -इन्द्रः 1 a high mountain.

-2 an epithet of Śiva.

-3 the Himālaya mountain.

-4 a term for the number 'eight'.

-ईशः 1 an epithet of the Himālaya mountain.

-2 an epithet of Śiva; सुतां गिरीशप्रतिसक्तमानसाम् Ku.5.3.

-कच्छपः a species of tortoise living in mountains.

-कण्टकः Indra's thunder- bolt.

-कदम्बः, -म्बकः a species of the Kadamba tree.

-कन्दरः a cave, cavern.

-कर्णिका the earth.

-काणः a blind or one-eyed man.

-काननम् a mountain-grove.

-कूटम् the summit of a mountain.

-गङ्गा N. of a river.

-गुडः a ball for playing with.

-गुहा a mountain-cave.

-चर a. roaming or wandering on a mountain; गिरिचर इव नागः प्राणसारं बिभर्ति Ś.2.4. (

-रः) a thief.

-ज a. mountain-born.

(-जम्) 1 talc.

-2 red chalk.

-3 ben- zoin.

-4 bitumen.

-5 iron.

(-जा) 1 N. of Pārvatī (the daughter of Himālaya).

-2 the hill plantain (पर्वतकदली)

-3 the Mallikā creeper.

-4 an epithet of the Ganges.

-तनयः, -नन्दनः, -सुतः 1 an epithet of Kārtikeya.

-2 of Gaṇeśa. ˚धवः, ˚पतिः an epithet of Śiva; Ks.56.43. ˚मलम् talc.

-जालम् a range of mountains.

-ज्वरः Indra's thunderbolt.

-त्रः N. of Śiva; अहं गिरित्रश्च Bhāg.8.6.15.

-दुर्गम् a hill-fort, any strong- hold among mountains; नृदुर्गं गिरिदुर्गं वा समाश्रित्य वसेत्पुरम् Ms.7.7,71.

-द्वारम् a mountain-pass.

-धातुः red chalk; बालार्कसमवर्णेन तेजसा गिरिधातुना Rām.2.95.19. (v. l.)

-ध्वजम् Indra's thunderbolt.

-नगरम् N. of a district in Dakṣiṇāpatha.

-णदी or

नदी a mountain-torrent, rill.

-णद्ध (नद्ध) a. enclosed by a mountain.

-नन्दिनी 1 N. of Pārvatī.

-2 of the Ganges.

-3 a river in general (flowing from a mountain;) कलिन्दगिरिनन्दिनी- तटसुरद्रुमालम्बिनी Bv.4.3.

-णितम्बः (नितम्बः) the declivity of a mountain.

-पीलुः N. of a fruit-tree.

-पुष्पकम् bitumen.

-पृष्ठः the top of a hill; Ms.7.147.

-प्रपातः the declivity or slope of a mountain;

-प्रस्थः the table- land of a mountain; Rām.2.

-प्रिया a female of the Bos Grunniens.

-बान्धवः an epithet of Śiva

-भिद् m. an epithet of Indra. (-f.) a river (breaking through a mountain).

-भू a. mountain-born. (

-भूः f.)

1 an epithet of the Ganges.

-2 of Pārvatī.

-मल्लिका the Kuṭaja tree.

-मानः an elephant, especially a large and powerful one.

-मृद् f.,

-मृद्भवम् 1 red chalk.

-2 mountain soil.

-राज् m.

1 a high mountain.

-2 an epithet of the Himālaya.

-राजः the Himālaya mountain.

-व्रजम् N. of a city in Magadha.

-शालः a kind of bird.

-शृङ्गः an epithet of Gaṇeśa. (

-गम्) the peak of a mountain.

-षद् (सद्) m. an epithet of Śiva.

-सानु n. table-land.

-सारः 1 iron.

-2 tin.

-3 an epithet of the Malaya mountain.

-सुतः the Maināka mountain.

-सुता an epithet of Pārvatī.

-स्रवा a mountaintorrent; गिरिस्रवाभिः सर्वाभिः पृष्ठतो$नुगता शुभा Mb.13.14.25.

धृत a. (At the end of comp.) Possessing, bearing, holder, bearer &c.

धृत p. p. [धृ-कर्मणि क्त]

1 Held, carried, borne, sup- ported.

-2 Possessed.

-3 Kept, preserved, retained.

-4 Seized, grasped, laid, hold of.

-5 Worn, used, put on; किमित्यपास्याभरणानि यौवने धृतं त्वया वार्धकशोभि वल्कलम् Ku.5.44.

-6 Placed, deposited.

-7 Practised, observed.

-8 Weighed.

-9 (Actively used) Holding, bearing.

-1 Intent upon.

-11 Prepared, ready.

-12 Resolved, firm; रिपुनिग्रहे धृतः Rām.4.27.47; see धृ also.

-तम् 1 Falling.

-2 State, existence.

-3 Taking, seizing.

-4 Wearing, putting on.

-5 A particular manner of fighting.

-Comp. -आत्मन् a. firm minded, steady, calm, collected. (-m.) an epithet of Viṣṇu.

-उत्सेक a. haugh- ty, arrogant; Rāj. T.

-एकवेणि a. bearing a single braid of hair (as a sign of mourning); नियमक्षाममुखी धृतैकवेणिः Ś7.21.

-गर्भ a. pregnant; Ks.7.83.

-दण्ड a.

1 inflicting punishment.

-2 one on whom punishment is inflicted; राजभिर्धृतदण्डास्तु कृत्वा पापानि मानवाः । निर्मलाः स्वर्गमायान्ति सन्तः सुकृतिनो यथा ॥ Ms.8.318.

-दीधितिः fire.

-पट a. covered with a cloth.

-मानस a. firm-minded, bent upon; तपसे धृतमानसः Rām.7.9.46.

-राजन् a. ruled by a good king (as a country).

-राष्ट्रः 1 a good king.

-2 a country ruled by a good king.

-3 N. of the eldest son of Vyāsa by a widow of विचित्रवीर्य. [As the eldest son he was entitled to the throne, but being blind from birth, he renounced the sovereignty in favour of Pāṇḍu; but on his retirement to the woods, he undertook it himself, making Duryodhana, his eldest son, the virtual ruler. When Duryodhana, was killed by Bhīma, the old king thirsted for revenge, and expressed his desire to embrace Yudhiṣṭhira and Bhīma. K&rtod.;iṣṇa readily discovered his object, and con- vinced that Bhīma was marked out by the king as his prey, he caused an iron image of Bhīma to be made. And when the blind king rushed forward to embrace Bhīma, Kṛiṣṇa substituted the iron image which the revengeful old man pressed with so much force that it was crushed to pieces, and Bhīma escaped. Thus dis comfited, he, with his wife, repaired to the Himālaya and there died after some years.]

-4 N. of a bird; L. D. B.

-वर्मन् a clad in armour, mailed; -m. N. of a reputed king.

-व्रत a.

1 observing vows, performing religious rites.

-2 devoted, attached.

-3 of a fixed law or order. (

-तः) an epithet of (1) Indra. (2) Varuṇa. (3) Agni. (4) A king in the Puru dynasty.

पञ्चन् num. a. (Always pl., nom. and acc. पञ्च) Five. (As the first member of comp. पञ्चन् drops its final न्). [cf. Gr. pente.]

-Comp. -अंशः the fifth part, a fifth.

-अग्निः 1 an aggregate of five sacred fires; i. e. (अन्वाहार्यपचन or दक्षिण, गार्हपत्य, आहवनीय, सभ्य, and आव- सथ्य).

-2 a householder who maintains the five sacred fires; पञ्चाग्नयो धृतव्रताः Māl.1; Ms.3.185.

-3 five mystic fires supposed to exist in the body; तेजो ह्यग्निस्तथा क्रोधश्चक्षुरूष्मा तथैव च । अग्निर्जरयते यच्च पञ्चाग्नेयाः शरीरिणः ॥ Mb.12.184.21.

-4 one who is acquainted with the doctrine of these fires. ˚साधनम् four fires on four sides and the sun above the head. This is a form of penance.

-अङ्ग a. five-membered, having five parts or divi- sions as in पञ्चाङ्गः प्रणामः (i. e. बाहुभ्यां चैव जानुभ्यां शिरसा वक्षसा दृशा); कृतपञ्चाङ्गविनिर्णयो नयः Ki.2.12. (see Malli. and Kāmandaka quoted by him); पञ्चाङ्गमभिनयमुपदिश्य M.1; चित्ताक्षिभ्रूहस्तपादैरङ्गैश्चेष्टादिसाम्यतः । पात्राद्यवस्थाकरणं पञ्चाङ्गे$भिनयो मतः ॥

(-ङ्गः) 1 a tortoise or turtle.

-2 a kind of horse with five spots in different parts of his body. (

-ङ्गी) a bit for horses.

-(ङ्गम्) 1 collection or aggregate of five parts.

-2 five modes of devotion (silent prayer, oblations, libations, bathing idols and feeding Brāhmaṇas)

-3 the five parts of a tree; त्वक्पत्रकुसुमं मूलफलमेकस्य शाखिनः । एकत्र मिलितं चैतत् पञ्चाङ्ग- मिति संज्ञितम् ॥

-4 a calendar or almanac, so called be- cause it treats of five things:-- (तिथिर्वारश्च नक्षत्रं योगः करणमेव च); चतुरङ्गबलो राजा जगतीं वशमानयेत् । अहं पञ्चा- ङ्गबलवानाकाशं वशमानये ॥ Shbhāṣ. ˚गुप्तः a turtle. ˚पत्रम् a calendar. ˚विनिर्णयः the five rules are as follows; सहायाः साधनोपाया विभागो देशकालयोः । विनिपातप्रतीकारः सिद्धिः पञ्चाङ्ग- मिष्यते ॥ Kāmandak; cf. Ki.2.12. ˚शुद्धिः f. the propiti- ousness or favourable state of five important points; i. e. तिथि, वार, नक्षत्र, योग and करण (in astrology).

-अङ्गिक a. five-membered.

-अङ्गुल a. (

-ला or

-ली f.) measuring five fingers. (

-लः) the castor-oil plant.

-अ(आ)जम् the five products of the goat; cf. पञ्चगव्य.

-अतिग a. liberated (मुक्त); सो$पि पञ्चातिगो$भवत् Mb. 12.59.9.

-अप्सरस् n. N. of a lake, said to have been created by the sage Mandakarni; cf. R.13.38.

-अमरा The five plants i. e. (Mar. भांग, दूर्वा, बेल, निर्गुडी and तुळस.

-अमृत a. consisting of 5 ingredients.

-(तम्) 1 the aggregate of five drugs; dry ginger, a species of Moonseed (Cocculus cordifolius, Mar. गुळवेल), Asparagus recemosus (Mar. शतावरी), Hypoxis brevifolia (Mar. मुसळी), गोक्षुरक (Mar. गोखरूं).

-2 the collection of five sweet things used in worshipping deities; (दुग्धं च शर्करा चैव घृतं दधि तथा मधु).

-3 the five elements; Māl.5.2.

-अम्लम् the aggregate of five acid plants (the jujube, pomegranate, sorrel, spondias and citron).

-अर्चिस् m. the planet Mercury.

- अवयव a. five-membered (as a syllogism, the five members being, प्रतिज्ञा, हेतु, उदाहरण, उपनय and निगमन q. v.).

-अवस्थः a corpse (so called because it is resolved into the five elements) cf. पञ्चत्व below.

-अविकम् the five products of the sheep; cf. पञ्चगव्य.

-अशीतिः f. eighty-five.

-अहः a period of five days.

- आतप a. doing penance with five fires. (i. e. with four fires and the sun); cf. R.13.41.

-आत्मक a. consisting of five elements (as body).

-आननः, -आस्यः, -मुखः, -वक्त्रः 1 epithets of Śiva.

-2 a lion (so called because its mouth is generally wide open; पञ्चम् आननं यस्य), (often used at the end of names of learned men to express great learning or respect; न्याय˚, तर्क˚ &c. e. g. जगन्नाथतर्कपञ्चानन); see पञ्च a.

-3 the sign Leo of the zodiac. (

-नी) an epithet of Durgā.

-आम्नायाः m. (pl.) five Śāstras supposed to have proceeded from the five mouths of Śiva.

-आयतनी, -नम् a group of five deities like गणपति, विष्णु, शंकर, देवी and सूर्य.

-इन्द्रियम् an aggregate of the five organs (of sense or actions; see इन्द्रियम्).

-इषुः, -बाणः, -शरः epithets of the god of love; (so called because he has five arrows; their names are:-- अरविन्दमशोकं च चूतं च नवमल्लिका । नीलोत्पलं च पञ्चैते पञ्चबाणस्य सायकाः ॥ the five arrows are also thus named:-- संमोहनोन्मादनौ च शोषणस्तापनस्तथा । स्तम्भनश्चेति कामस्य पञ्चबाणाः प्रकीर्तिताः ॥).

-उपचारः the five articles of worship i. e. (गन्ध, पुष्प, धूप, दीप and नैवेद्य).

-उष्मन् m. (pl.) the five digestive fires supposed to be in the body.

-कपाल a. prepared or offered in five cups.

-कर्ण a. branded in the ear with the number 'five' (as cattle &c.); cf. P.VI.3.115.

-कर्मन् n. (in medicine) the five kinds of treatment; i. e. 1 वमन 'giving emetics'; 2 रेचन 'purging'; 3 नस्य 'giving stre- nutatories'; 4 अनुवासन 'administering an enema which is oily', and 5 निरूह 'administering an enema which is not oily. वमनं रेचनं नस्यं निरूहश्चानुवासनम् । पञ्चकर्मेदमन्यश्च ज्ञेयमुत्क्षेपणादिकम् ॥

-कल्याणकः a horse with white feet and a white mouth.

-कषाय a decoction from the fruits of five plants (जम्बु, शाल्मलि, वाट्याल, बकुल and बदर).

-कृत्यम् the five actions by which the Supreme Power manifests itself (सृष्टि, स्थिति, संहार, तिरोभाव and अनुग्रह- करण).

-कृत्वस् ind. five times.

-कृष्णः A kind of game. (

-ष्णाः) The five deities of Mahānubhāva sect namely चक्रवर्ती कृष्ण, Datta of Mātāpura, Gundam Raul of ऋद्धिपुर, चांगदेव राऊळ of द्वारावती and चांगदेव राऊळ of प्रतिष्ठान.

-कोणः a pentagon.

-कोलम् the five spices taken collec- tively; पिप्पली पिप्पलीमूलं चव्यचित्रकनागरम् । पञ्चकोलं......... (Mar. पिंपळी, पिंपळमूळ, चवक, चित्रक व सुंठ).

-कोषाः m. (pl.) the five vestures or wrappers supposed to invest the soul; they are:-- अन्नमयकोष or the earthly body (स्थूलशरीर); प्राणमयकोष the vesture of the vital airs; मनो- मयकोष the sensorial vesture; विज्ञानमयकोष the cognitional vesture (these three form the लिङ्गशरीर); and आनन्द- मयकोष the last vesture, that of beatitude. कोषैरन्नमयाद्यैः पञ्चभिरात्मा न संवृतो भाति । निजशक्तिसमुप्तन्नैः शैवालप़टलैरिवाम्बु वापीस्थम् ॥ Vivekachūdāmaṇi.

-क्रोशी 1 a distance of five Kroṣas.

-2 N. of the city, Banares.

-खट्वम्, -खट्वी a collection of five beds.

-गत a. (in alg.) raised to the fifth power.

-गवम् a collection of five cows.

-गव्यम् the five products of the cow taken collectively; i. e. milk, curds, clarified butter or ghee, urine, and cowdung (क्षीरं दधि तथा चाज्यं मूत्रं गोमयमेव च).

-गु a. bought with five cows.

-गुण a. five-fold. (

-णाः) the five objects of sense (रूप, रस, गन्ध, स्पर्श and शब्द). (

-णी) the earth.

-गुप्तः 1 a tortoise (as drawing in its 4 feet and head).

-2 the materialistic system of philosophy, the doctrines of the Chārvākas.

-घातः (in music) a kind of mea- sure.

-चत्वारिंश a. forty-fifth.

-चत्वारिंशत् f. forty-five.

-चामरम् N. of 2 kinds of metre; प्रमाणिकापदद्वयं वदन्ति पञ्चचामरम् Vṛittaratnākara.

-जनः 1 a man, man- kind.

-2 N. of a demon who had assumed the form of a conch-shell, and was slain by Kṛiṣṇa; तस्मै प्रादाद्वरं पुत्रं मृतं पञ्चजनोदरात् Bhāg.3.3.2.

-3 the soul.

-4 the five classes of beings; i. e. gods, men, Gandharvas, serpents and pitṛis; यस्मिन् पञ्च पञ्चजना आकाशश्च प्रतिष्ठितः Bṛi. Up.4.4.17.

-5 the four primary castes of the Hindus (ब्राह्मण, क्षत्रिय, वैश्य and शूद्र) with the Niṣādas or barbarians as the fifth (pl. in these two senses); (for a full exposition see Sārirabhāṣya on Br. Sūtras 1.4.11-13). (

-नी) an assemblage of five persons.

-जनीन a. devoted to the five races. (

-नः) an actor, a mimic, buffoon, one who is devoted to the pentad viz. singer, musician, dancer, harlot and a jester; गायकवादक- नर्तकदासीभण्डरतः खलु पञ्चजनीनः Bhāsāvritti on P.V.1.9.

-ज्ञानः 1 an epithet of Buddha as possessing the five kinds of knowledge.

-2 a man familiar with the doc- trines of the Pāśupatas.

-तक्षम्, -क्षी a collection of five carpenters.

-तत्त्वम् 1 the five elements taken collectively; i. e. पृत्थी, अप्, तेजस्, वायु and आकाश.

-2 (in the Tantras) the five essentials of the Tāntrikas, also called पञ्चमकार because they all begin with म; i. e. मद्य, मांस, मत्स्य, मुद्रा and मैथुन.

-तन्त्रम् N. of a well-known collection in five books containing moral stories and fables by Visnugupta; पञ्चतन्त्रात्तथान्यस्माद् ग्रन्थादाकृष्य लिख्यते H. Pr.9.

-तन्मात्रम् the five subtle and pri- mary elements (such as शब्द, रस, स्पर्श and रूप and गन्ध).

-तपस् m. an ascetic who in summer practises penance sitting in the middle of four fires with the sun burning right over his head; cf. हविर्भुजामेधवतां चतुर्णां मध्ये ललाटंतपसप्तसप्तिः R.13.41; Ku.5.23; Ms.6.23 and Śi.2.51. also; ग्रीष्मे पञ्चतपा वीरो वर्षास्वासारषाण्मुनिः Bhāg. 4.23.6; Rām.3.6.5.

-तय a. five-fold; वृत्तयः पञ्चतय्यः क्लिष्टा अक्लिष्टाः Mbh. (

-यः) a pentad.

-तिक्तम् the five bitter things:-- निवामृतावृषपटोलनिदिग्धिकाश्च.

-त्रिंश a. thirtyfifth.

-त्रिंशत्, -त्रिंशतिः f. thirty-five.

-दश a.

1 fifteenth.

-2 increased by fifteen; as in पञ्चदशं शतम् 'one hundred and fifteen'.

-दशन् a. (pl.) fifteen.

˚अहः a period of fifteen days.

-दशिन् a. made or consisting of fifteen.

-दशी 1 the fifteenth day of a lunar fort- night (the full or new moon day); Y.1.146.

-2 N. of a philosophical work (प्रकरणग्रन्थ) by माधवाचार्य (विद्यारण्य).

-दीर्घम् the five long parts of the body; the arms, eyes, belly, nose and breast; बाहू नेत्रद्वयं कुक्षिर्द्वे तु नासे तथैव च । स्तनयोरन्तरं चैव पञ्चदीर्घं प्रचक्षते ॥

-देवताः the five deities:-- आदित्यं गणनाथं च देवीं रुद्रं च केशवम् । पञ्चदैवतमित्युक्तं सर्वकर्मसु पूजयेत् ॥

-धारणक a. upheld by the five elements.

-नखः 1 any animal with five claws; such as the hare, alligator, tortoise, porcupine, rhinoceros शशकः शल्लकी गोधा खड्गी कूर्मश्च पञ्चमः । पञ्च पञ्चनखा भक्ष्या ये प्रोक्ताः कृतजैर्द्विजैः Bk.6.131; Ms.5.17,18; Y.1.177.

-2 an elephant.

-3 a turtle.

-4 a lion or tiger.

-नखी, -नखराज an iguana (Mar. घोरपड); Gīrvāṇa.

-नदः 'the country of five rivers, the modern Panjab (the five rivers being शतद्रु, विपाशा, इरावती, चन्द्रभागा and वितस्ता, or the modern names Sutlej, Beas, Ravee, Chenab and Jhelum).

-दा (pl.) the people of this country.

-नवतिः f. ninety-five.

-निम्बम् the five products of निम्ब viz. (the flowers, fruit, leaves, bark and root).

-नीराजनम् waving five things before an idol and then falling prostrate before it; (the five things being:-- a lamp, lotus, cloth, mango and betel-leaf).

-पञ्चाश a. fiftyfifth.

-पञ्चाशत् f. fifty-five.

-पदी 1 five steps; पुंसो यमान्तं व्रजतो$पिनिष्ठुरै- रेतैर्धनैः पञ्चपदी न दीयते Pt.2.115.

-2 the five strong cases, i. e. the first five inflections

-पर्वन् n. (pl.) the five parvans q. v.; they are चतुर्दश्यष्टमी चैव अमावास्या च पूर्णिमा । पर्वाण्येतानि राजेन्द्र रविसंक्रान्तिरेव च ॥ a. five-knotted (an arrow).

-पल्लवम् The leaves of the mango, fig, banyan, ficus religiosa (Mar. पिंपळ) and Genus Ficus (Mar. पायरी). There are other variations such as पनस, आम्र, पिप्पल, वट and बकुल. The first group is for the Vedic ritual only.

-पात्रम् 1 five vessels taken collectively.

-2 a Srāddha in which offerings are made in five vessels.

-पाद् a. consisting of five feet, steps, or parts; पञ्चपादं पितरम् Praśna Up.1.11. (-m.) a year (संवत्सर).

-पादिका N. of a commentary on शारीरकभाष्य.

-पितृ m. (pl.) the five fathers:-- जनकश्चोपनेता च यश्च कन्यां प्रयच्छति । अन्नदाता भयत्राता पञ्चैते पितरः स्मृताः ॥

-पित्तम् the bile of five ani- mals viz. (the boar, goat, buffalo, fish and peacock).

-प्रस्थ a. having five elevations (a forest).

-प्राणाः m. (pl.) the five life-winds or vital airs: प्राण, अपान, व्यान, उदान, and समान.

-प्रासादः a temple of a particular size with four pinnacles and a steeple.

-बन्ध a fine equal to the fifth part of anything lost or stolen.

-बलाः five medicinal herbs, namely बला, नागबला, महाबला, अति- बला and राजबला.

-बाणः, -वाणः, -शरः epithets of the god of love; see पञ्चेषु.

-बाहुः N. of Śiva.

-बिन्दुप्रसृतम् N. of a particular movement in dancing; Dk.2.

-बीजानि the five seeds:--कर्कटी, त्रपुस, दाडिम, पद्मबीज, and वानरीबीज.

-भद्र a.

1 having five good qualities.

-2 consisting of five good ingredients (as a sauce &c.).

-3 having five auspicious marks (as a horse) in the chest, back, face and flanks.

-4 vicious.

-द्रः a kind of pavilion.

-भागिन् m. the five deities of पञ्चमहा- यज्ञ; धर्मकामविहीनस्य चुक्रुधुः पञ्चभागिनः Bhāg.11.23.9.

-भुज a. pentagonal.

(-जः) 1 a pentagon; cf. पञ्चकोण.

-2 N. of Gaṇeśa.

-भूतम् the five elements; पृथ्वी, अप्, तेजस्, वायु and आकाश.

-भृङ्गाः the five trees, viz. देवदाली (Mar. देवडंगरी), शमी, भङ्गा (Mar. भांग), निर्गुण्डी and तमालपत्र.

-मकारम् the five essentials of the left-hand Tantra ritual of which the first letter is म; see पञ्चतत्त्व (2).

-महापातकम् the five great sins; see महापातक Ms.11. 54.

-महायज्ञाः m. (pl.) the five daily sacrifices enjoined to be performed by a Brāhmaṇa; अध्यापनं ब्रह्मयज्ञः पितृ- यज्ञस्तु तर्पणम् । होमो दैवो बलिर्भौतो नृयज्ञो$तिथिपूजनम् ॥ Ms.3.7. अहुतं च हुतं चैव तथा प्रहुतमेव च । ब्राह्मं हुतं प्राशितं च पञ्च यज्ञान् प्रचक्षते ॥ Ms.3.73; see महायज्ञ.

-मारः son of Baladeva; L. D. B.

-माश(षि)क a. consisting of five Māṣas (as a fine &c.).

-माष(षि)क a. amounting to five māṣas; गर्दभाजाविकानां तु दण्डः स्यात्पञ्चमाषिकः Ms.8.298.

-मास्य a. happening every five months.

-मुखः an arrow with five points; (for other senses see पञ्चानन.)

-मुद्रा five gestures to be made in presenting offerings to an idol; viz आवाहनी, स्थापनी, संनिधापनी, संबोधनी and संमुखीकरणी; see मुद्रा.

-मूत्रम् the urine of five female animals; the cow, goat, she-buffalo, sheep, and she-ass.).

-मूलम् there are nine varieties of the pentad combinations of roots; लघुपञ्चमूल, बृहत्पञ्चमूल, शतावर्यादि, तृणपञ्चमूल, जीवकादिपञ्चमूल, पुनर्नवादिपञ्चमूल, गोक्षुरादि˚, वल्ली˚.

-रत्नम् a collection of five gems; (they are variously enumerated: (1) नीलकं वज्रकं चेति पद्मरागश्च मौक्तिकम् । प्रवालं चेति विज्ञेयं पंचरत्नं मनीषिभिः ॥ (2) सुवर्णं रजतं मुक्ता राजावर्तं प्रवालकम् । रत्नपञ्चकमाख्यातम्...॥ (3) कनकं हीरकं नीलं पद्मरागश्च मौक्तिकम् । पञ्चरत्नमिदं प्रोक्त- मृषिभिः पूर्वदर्शिभिः ॥

-2 the five most admired episodes of the Mahābhārata; गीता, विष्णुसहस्रनाम, भीष्मस्तवराज, अनुस्मृति and गजेन्द्रमोक्ष).

-रसा the आमलकी tree (Mar. आंवळी).

-रात्रम् 1 a period of five nights; इत्यर्थं वयमानीताः पञ्चरात्रो$पि विद्यते Pañch.3.24.

-2 N. of one of Bhāsa's dramas.

-3 N. of a philosophical treatise attributed to Nārada.

-4 N. of an अहीन (sacrifice) lasting for 5 days; स एतं पञ्चरात्रं पुरुषमेधं यज्ञक्रतुमपश्यत् Śat. Br.; cf. Mb.12.218. 11.

-राशिकम् the rule of five (in math.).

-लक्षणम् a Purāṇa; so called because it deals with five important topics:-- सर्गश्च प्रतिसर्गश्च वंशो मन्वन्तराणि च । वंशानुचरितं चैव पुराणं पञ्चलक्षणम् ॥ see पुराण also.

-लवणम् five kinds of salt; i. e. काचक, सैन्धव, सामुद्र, बिड and सौवर्चल.

-लाङ्गलकम् a gift (महादान) of as much land as can be cultivated with five ploughs.

-लोकपालः the five guardian deities viz. Vināyaka, Durgā, Vāyu, Ākāśa and Aśvinīkumāra.

-लोहम् a metallic alloy containing five metals (i. e. copper, brass, tin, lead and iron).

-लोहकम् the five metals i. e. gold, silver, copper, tin and lead.

-वटः the sacred or sacrificial thread worn across the breast (यज्ञोपवीत).

-वटी 1 the five fig-trees: i. e. अश्वत्थ, बिल्व, वट, धात्री and अशोक.

-2 N. of a part of the Daṇḍakā forest where the Godāvarī rises and where Rāma dwelt for a considerable time with his beloved; it is two miles from Nasik; परिहरन्तमपि मामितः पञ्चवटीस्नेहो बलादाकर्षतीव U.2.27/28; R.13.34.

-वर्गः 1 an aggregate of five.

-2 the five essential elements of the body.

-3 the five organs of sense; संतुष्टपञ्चवर्गो$हं लोकयात्रां प्रवाहये Rām.2.19.27.

-4 the five daily sacrifices enjoined to be performed by a Brāhmaṇa; cf. महायज्ञ.

-5 the five classes of spies (कापटिक, उदास्थित, गृहपतिव्यञ्जन, वैदेहिकव्यञ्जन and तापसव्यञ्जन); cf. Kull. on Ms.7.154.

-वर्षदेशीय a. about five years old.

-वर्षीय a. five years old.

-वल्कलम् a collection of the barks of five kinds of trees; namely न्यग्रोध, उदुम्बर, अश्वत्थ, प्लक्ष and वेतस.

-वल्लभा N. of Draupadī.

-वार्षिक a. recurring every five years.

-वाहिन् a. drawn by five (as a carriage).

-विंश a. twenty-fifth.

-शः 1 a Stoma consisting of 25 parts.

-2 N. of Viṣṇu (regarded as the 25th तत्त्व); स तु जन- परितापं तत्कृतं जानता ते नरहर उपनीतः पञ्चतां पञ्चविंश Bhāg. 7.8.53.

-विंशतिः f. twenty-five.

-विंशतिका a collection of twenty-five; as in वेतालपञ्चविंशतिका.

-विध a. five- fold, of five kinds. ˚प्रकृतिः f. the five departments of a government; अमात्यराष्ट्रदुर्गार्थदण्डाख्याः पञ्च चापराः Ms.7.157.

-वीरगोष्ठम् an assembly room, concert-hall; रागमञ्जरी नाम पञ्चवीरगोष्ठे संगीतकमनुष्ठास्यति Dk.2.

-वृत्, -वृतम् ind. five-fold.

-वृत्तिता depending on senses; Rām.2.1.65.

-शत a. amounting to five hundred.

(-तम्) 1 one hundred and five.

-2 five hundred.

-शाखः 1 the hand; स्वशिरः पश्चशाखाभ्यामभिहत्यायतेक्षणा Mb.11.17.3; कदापि नो मुञ्चति पञ्चशाखः (नारायणस्य) Rām. Ch.1.9; स्फूर्जद्रत्नाङ्गुलीयद्युतिशबलनखद्योतिभिः पञ्चशाखैः Śiva B.3.49.

-2 an elephant.

-शारदीयः N. of a Yāga.

-शिखः a lion.

-शीलम् the five rules of conduct; Buddh.

-शुक्लम् The holy combination of five days, viz. Uttarāyaṇa (day of the gods), the bright half of the month (day of the manes) and day time, हरिवासर and सिद्धक्षेत्र (cf. त्रिशुक्लम्).

-ष a. (pl.) five or six; सन्त्यन्ये$पि बृहस्पतिप्रभृतयः संभाविताः पञ्चषाः Bh.2.34.

-षष्ट a. sixty-fifth.

-षष्टिः f. sixty-five.

-सटः one with five tufts of hair on the head (सटाः जटाः केशसन्निवेशे मध्ये मध्ये पञ्चसु स्थानेषु क्षौरवद्वापनम्); दासो$यं मुच्यतां राज्ञस्त्वया पञ्चसटः कृतः Mb.3.272.18; (Mar. पांच पाट काढणें).

-सप्तत a. seventy-fifth.

-सप्ततिः f. seventy-five.

-सस्यम् the five grains viz. धान्य, मुद्ग, तिल, यव and माष.

-सिद्धान्ती f. the five astronomical doctrines from astronomical book like सूर्यसिद्धान्त etc.

-सिद्धौषधयः the five medi- cinal plants:-- तैलकन्द, सुधाकन्द, क्रोडकन्द, रुदन्तिक, सर्पाक्षी.

-सुगन्धकम् the five kinds of aromatic vegetable sub- stances; they are:-- कर्पूरकक्कोललवङ्गपुष्पगुवाकजातीफलपञ्चकेन । समांशभागेन च योजितेन मनोहरं पञ्चसुगन्धकं स्यात् ॥.

-सूनाः f. the five things in a house by which animal life may be accidentally destroyed; they are:-- पञ्चसूना गृहस्थस्य चुल्ली पेषण्युपस्करः कण्डनी चोदकुम्भश्च Ms.3.68.

-सूरणाः the five medicinal esculent roots; sweet and bitter सूरण, अत्यम्ल- पर्णी, काण्डीर, मालाकन्द. &c.

-स्रोतम् n. the mind; पञ्चस्रोतसि निष्णातः Mb.12.218.11. (com. पञ्चस्त्रोतांसि विषयकेदारप्रणालिका यस्य तस्मिन् मनसि).

-हायन a. five years old.

पुष्पम् [पुष्प् विकाशे-अच्]

1 A flower, blossom; पत्रं पुष्पं फलं तोयं यो मे भक्त्या प्रयच्छति Bg.9.26.

-2 The menstrual discharge; as in पुष्पवती q. v.

-3 A topaz (पुष्पराग); Rām.2.94.6.

-4 A disease of the eyes (albugo).

-5 The car or vehicle of Kubera; see पुष्पक.

-6 Gallantry, politeness (in love language).

-7 Expanding, blooming, blossoming (said to be m. in this sense).

-Comp. -अग्रम् pistil.

-अञ्जनम् 1 calx of brass used as a collyrium.

-2 A white flower-like substance which appears when zinc is mixed with copper and heated for preparing brass.

-3 Zinc oxide (Mar. जस्तफूल).

-अञ्जलिः a handful of flowers.

-अनुगम् a powder promoting menstruation.

-अभिषेक = ˚स्नान q. v.

-अम्बु the honey of flowers.

-अम्बुजम् the sap of flowers.

-अवचयः col- lecting or gathering flowers.

-अवचायिन् = पुष्पाजीव q. v.

-अस्त्रः an epithet of the god of love.

- आकर a. rich or abounding in flowers; मासो नु पुष्पाकरः V.1.9.

-आगमः the spring.

-आजीवः a florist, garland-maker.

-आननः a kind of liquor.

-आपीडः a chaplet of flowers.

-आयुधः, -इषुः the god of love; पुष्पायुधं दुराधर्षम् Mb.1. 172.17; Mahimna 23.

-आसवम् honey.

-आसारः a shower of flowers; पुष्पासारैः स्नपयतु भवान् व्योमगङ्गाजलार्द्रैः Me.45.

-आस्तरकः, -आस्तरणम् the art of strewing flowers (one of the 64 Kalās).

-उद्गमः appearance of flowers.

-उद्यानम् a flower-garden.

-उपजीविन् m. a florist, gardener, garland-maker.

-करण्डकम् N. of the garden of Ujjayinī.

-करण्डिनी N. of the city, Ujjayinī.

-कालः 1 'flower-time', the spring.

-2 the time of the menses.

-कासीसम् green (or black) sulphate of iron.

-कीटः a large black bee.

-केतनः, -केतुः the god of love. (-n.)

1 calx of flowers.

-2 vitriol (used as a colly- rium).

-गण्डिका N. of a kind of farce (in which men act as women and women as men); S. D.

-गृहम् a flowerhouse, conservatory.

-घातकः the bamboo.

-चयः 1 gathering flowers

-2 a quantity of flowers.

-चापः the god of love.

-चामरः a kind of cane.

-जम् the juice of flowers.

-दः a tree.

-दन्तः 1 N. of an attend- ant of Śiva.

-2 N. of the author of the Mahimna- stotra.

-3 N. of the elephant presiding over the north- west; शुद्धाक्षमैन्द्रं भल्लाटं पुष्पदन्तं तथैव च Hariv.

-4 the sun and moon (dual).

-दामन् n. a garland of flowers.

-द्रवः 1 the sap or exudation of flowers.

-2 an infu- sion of flowers.

-द्रुमः a flowering tree.

-धः the off- spring of an outcast Brāhmaṇa; cf. व्रात्यात् तु जायते विप्रात् पापात्मा भूर्जकण्टकः । आवन्त्यवाटधानौ च पुष्पधः शैख एव च ॥ Ms.1.21.

-धनुस्, -धन्वन् m. the god of love; द्रुतमेत्य पुष्पधनुषो धनुषः Śi.9.41; शतमखमुपतस्थे प्राञ्जलिः पुष्पधन्वा Ku.2.64.

-धरः a. bearing flowers.

-धारणः an epithet of Viṣṇu.

-ध्वजः the god of love.

-निक्षः a bee.

-निर्यासः, -निर्यासकः the sap, nectar, or juice of flowers.

-नेत्रम् the tube of a flower.

-पत्रिन् m. the god of love.

-पथः, -पदवी the vulva.

-पुटः the calyx of a flower.

-2 (in music) a particular position in dancing.

-पुरम् N. of Pāṭaliputra; प्रासादवातायनसंश्रितानां नेत्रोत्सवं पुष्पपुराङ्गनानाम् R.6.24.

-प्रचयः, -प्रचायः the plucking or gathering of flowers.

-प्रचायिका gathering of flowers.

-प्रस्तारः a bed or couch of flowers.

-फलः the wood-apple tree.

-बटुकः a courtier, gallant; (v. l. for पुष्पनाटक),

-बलिः an offering of flowers.

-बाणः, -वाणः an epithet of the god of love.

-भद्रः a kind of pavilion with 62 columns.

-भवः the nectar or juice of flowers.

-मञ्जरिका a blue lotus.

-माला a garland of flowers.

-मासः 1 the month of Chaitra; मम त्वयं विना वासः पुष्पमासे सुदुःसहः Rām.4.1. 41.

-2 the spring; अजितभुवनस्तथा हि लेभे सिततुरगे विजयं न पुष्पमासः Ki.1.35.

-यमकम् a kind of Yamaka; cf. Bk.1.14.

-रजस् n. the pollen.

-रथः a carriage for travelling or for pleasure (but not for war); मुख्यः पुष्परथो युक्तः किं न गच्छति ते$ग्रतः Rām.2.26.15.

-रसः the nectar or juice of flowers. ˚आह्वयम् honey.

-रागः, -राजः a topaz.

-रेणुः pollen; वायुर्विधूनयति चम्पकपुष्पपेणून् Kavirahasya; R.1.38.

-पुष्परोचनः the Nāgakesara tree.

-लावः a flower-gatherer. (

-वी) a female flower- gatherer; Me.26.

-लिक्षः, -लिह् m. a bee.

-लिपिः A particular style of writing.

-वर्षः, -वर्षणम् a shower of flowers; सुरभि सुरविमुक्तं पुष्पवर्षं पपात R.12.12; पुष्पवर्षो महानभूत् Rām.

-वाटिका, -वाटी f. a flower-garden.

-वृक्षः a tree bearing flowers.

-वृष्टिः f. a shower of flowers; परस्परशरव्राताः पुष्पवृष्टिं न सेहिरे R.12.94.

-वेणी a garland of flowers.

-शकटिका, -शकटी a heavenly voice, voice from heaven. ˚निमित्तज्ञानम् Knowledge of the omens which result from heavenly voices (one of the 64 Kalās).

-शय्या a flowery bed, a couch of flowers.

-शरः, -शरासनः, -सायकः the god of love.

-समयः the spring.

-सारः, -स्वेदः the nectar or honey of flowers.

-सारा the holy basil.

-सिता a kind of sugar.

-स्नानम् a kind of inauguration.

-हासः 1 an epithet of Viṣṇu.

-2 the blooming of flowers.

-हासा a woman in her courses.

-हीना a woman past child-bearing.

rampino s.m.

1 hook // attaccarsi a tutti i rampini, (fig. non com.) to hang on tooth and nail

2 ( unghia di felino) claw

3 (mar.) grapnel.

* * *

sostantivo maschile

1) (gancio) hook

2) mar. grapnel, grappling iron

* * *

rampino

/ram'pino/

sostantivo m.

 1 (gancio) hook

 2 mar. grapnel, grappling iron.

SUBJECT AREA: Automotive engineering, Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering

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Ernest-Sylvain Bollée was the founder of an extensive dynasty of bellfounders based in Le Mans and in Orléans. He and his three sons, Amédée (1844–1917), Ernest-Sylvain fils (1846–1917) and Auguste (1847-?), were involved in work and patents on steam-and petrol-driven cars, on wind engines and on hydraulic rams. The presence of the Bollées' car industry in Le Mans was a factor in the establishment of the car races that are held there.

In 1868 Ernest-Sylvain Bollée père took out a patent for a wind engine, which at that time was well established in America and in England. In both these countries, variable-shuttered as well as fixed-blade wind engines were in production and patented, but the Ernest-Sylvain Bollée patent was for a type of wind engine that had not been seen before and is more akin to the water-driven turbine of the Jonval type, with its basic principle being parallel to the "rotor" and "stator". The wind drives through a fixed ring of blades on to a rotating ring that has a slightly greater number of blades. The blades of the fixed ring are curved in the opposite direction to those on the rotating blades and thus the air is directed onto the latter, causing it to rotate at a considerable speed: this is the "rotor". For greater efficiency a cuff of sheet iron can be attached to the "stator", giving a tunnel effect and driving more air at the "rotor". The head of this wind engine is turned to the wind by means of a wind-driven vane mounted in front of the blades. The wind vane adjusts the wind angle to enable the wind engine to run at a constant speed.

The fact that this wind engine was invented by the owner of a brass foundry, with all the gear trains between the wind vane and the head of the tower being of the highest-quality brass and, therefore, small in scale, lay behind its success. Also, it was of prefabricated construction, so that fixed lengths of cast-iron pillar were delivered, complete with twelve treads of cast-iron staircase fixed to the outside and wrought-iron stays. The drive from the wind engine was taken down the inside of the pillar to pumps at ground level.

Whilst the wind engines were being built for wealthy owners or communes, the work of the foundry continued. The three sons joined the family firm as partners and produced several steam-driven vehicles. These vehicles were the work of Amédée père and were l'Obéissante (1873); the Autobus (1880–3), of which some were built in Berlin under licence; the tram Bollée-Dalifol (1876); and the private car La Mancelle (1878). Another important line, in parallel with the pumping mechanism required for the wind engines, was the development of hydraulic rams, following the Montgolfier patent. In accordance with French practice, the firm was split three ways when Ernest-Sylvain Bollée père died. Amédée père inherited the car side of the business, but it is due to Amédée fils (1867– 1926) that the principal developments in car manufacture came into being. He developed the petrol-driven car after the impetus given by his grandfather, his father and his uncle Ernest-Sylvain fils. In 1887 he designed a four-stroke single-cylinder engine, although he also used engines designed by others such as Peugeot. He produced two luxurious saloon cars before putting Torpilleur on the road in 1898; this car competed in the Tour de France in 1899. Whilst designing other cars, Amédée's son Léon (1870–1913) developed the Voiturette, in 1896, and then began general manufacture of small cars on factory lines. The firm ceased work after a merger with the English firm of Morris in 1926. Auguste inherited the Eolienne or wind-engine side of the business; however, attracted to the artistic life, he sold out to Ernest Lebert in 1898 and settled in the Paris of the Impressionists. Lebert developed the wind-engine business and retained the basic "stator-rotor" form with a conventional lattice tower. He remained in Le Mans, carrying on the business of the manufacture of wind engines, pumps and hydraulic machinery, describing himself as a "Civil Engineer".

The hydraulic-ram business fell to Ernest-Sylvain fils and continued to thrive from a solid base of design and production. The foundry in Le Mans is still there but, more importantly, the bell foundry of Dominique Bollée in Saint-Jean-de-Braye in Orléans is still at work casting bells in the old way.

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1) General subject: beetle, paviour, pommel, tamper, tamperer

2) Engineering: battering ram, beating, compactor, ore stamper (при обогащении руд), paving beetle, ram, ram block, rammer log, ramming rammer, spudding bit (для погружения свай), stamper, striker, tamper (напр. для уплотнения бетонной смеси), tamping bar, tamping beam, tamping foot, tamping pick

3) Agriculture: planting peg

4) Construction: beater, commander (ручная), pummel, ramming appliance, compaction, pavior, punner

5) Railway term: packing tool, plugging bar, pounding action, tamping plate

6) Mining: tamping

7) Metallurgy: driver, rammer, shaking

8) Oil: overman bit (ударно-канатного бурения), stamp, stamping machine

9) Silicates: rammer (приспособление для уплотнения бетонной смеси)

10) Drilling: ramming

11) Automation: tamping iron

12) Makarov: tramper

13) oil&gas: compacting

चक्रम् [क्रियते अनेन, कृ घञर्थे< क नि˚ द्वित्वम् Tv.]

1 The wheel of a carriage; चक्रवत्परिवर्तन्ते दुःखानि च सुखानि च H.1.173.

-2 A potter's wheel.

-3 A sharp circular missile, weapon, a disc (especially applied to the weapon of Viṣṇu).

-4 An oil-mill; दशसूनासमं चक्रं दशचक्रसमो ध्वजः Mb.13.125.9.

-5 A circle, ring; कलाप- चक्रेषु निवेशिताननम् Ṛs.2.14.

-6 A troop, multitude, collection, Śi.2.17.

-7 A realm, sovereignty; स्वस्थं स्वचक्रं परचक्रमुक्तम् Bu. Ch.2.15; cf. चक्रं सैन्यथाङ्गयोः । राष्ट्रे दम्भान्तरे... । Medinī.

-8 A province, district, a group of villages.

-9 A form of military array in a circle.

-1 A circle or depression of the body.

-11 A cycle, cycle of years.

-12 The horizon; यावदावर्तते चक्रं तावती मे वसुन्धरा Rām.2.1.36.

-13 An army, a host.

-14 Section of a book.

-15 A whirlpool.

-16 The winding of a river.

-17 An astronomical circle; राशि˚ the zodiac.

-18 Circular flight (of birds &c.).

-19 A particular constellation in the form of a hexagon.

-2 Range, department in general.

-21 The convolutions or spiral marks of the शालिग्राम.

-22 A crooked or fraudulent con- trivance.

-क्रः 1 The ruddy goose (also called चक्रवाक); पद्मोल्लासविधायिनि सत्पथदीप्तिकृति चक्रभव्यकरे Viś. Guṇā.274.

-2 A multitude, troop, group.

-Comp. -अङ्गः 1 a gander having a curved neck.

-2 a carriage. +

-3 the ruddy goose (चक्रवाक); चक्राङ्गान् स च नित्यं वै सर्वतो वनगोच- रान् Mb.12.268.36. (

-ङ्गी) a goose. (

-ङ्गम्) a parasol.

-अटः 1 a juggler, snake-catcher.

-2 a rogue, knave, cheat.

-3 a particular coin, a dināra.

-अधिवासिन् m. the orange tree.

-अरः, (-रम्) the spoke of a wheel; चक्रारपङ्क्तिरिव गच्छति भाग्यपङ्क्तिः । Svapna.1.4.

-अश्मन् n. a machine to hurl stones at a distance; अयःकणपचक्राश्म- भुशुण्ड्युद्यतबाहवः Mb.1.227.25.

-आकार, -आकृति a. circular, round.

-आयुधः an epithet of Viṣṇu.

-आवर्तः whirling or rotatory motion.

-आह्वः, -आह्वयः the ruddy goose;

-ईश्वरः 1 'lord of the discus', N. of Viṣṇu.

-2 the officer in charge of a district.

-ईश्वरी N. of the Jaina goddess of learning.

-उपजीविन् m. an oil-man.

-कारकम् 1 a nail.

-2 a kind of perfume.

-गजः the plant Cassia Tora.

-गण्डुः a round pillow.

-गतिः f. rotation, revolution.

-गुच्छः the Aśoka tree.

-ग्रहणम्, -णी f. a rampart, an en- trenchment.

-चक्रम् A flock of चक्रवाक birds; अस्ताद्रिपद्मा- करचक्रचक्रे तत्कालविज्ञातपतङ्गपाते । सद्यो दिदीपे विरहानलः...... । Rām. Ch.6.19.

-चर a. moving in a circle; (

-रः) a juggler.

-चारिन् m. a chariot.

-चूडामणिः a round jewel in a coronet or diadem.

-जीवकः, -जीविन् m. a potter.

-तीर्थम् N. of a holy place.

-तुण्डः a kind of fish; रोहितांश्चक्रतुण्डांश्च नलमीनांश्च राघव Rām.3.73.14.

-दंष्ट्रः a hog.

-घनः a thunder cloud.

-धर a.

1 bearing or having a wheel.

-2 carrying a discus.

-3 driving in a carriage.

(-रः) 1 an epithet of Viṣṇu; चक्रघरप्रभावः R. 16.55.

-2 a sovereign, governor or ruler of a province; वृद्धानां भारतप्तानां स्त्रीणां चक्रधरस्य च Mb.13.162.38.

-3 a village tumbler or juggler.

-4 a snake; भवेच्चक्रधरो विष्णौ भुजङ्गे ग्रामजालिनि Viśvalochana.

-धारा the periphery of a wheel.

-नदी the Gaṇḍakī river.

-नाभिः the nave of a wheel.

-नामन् m.

1 the ruddy goose (चक्रवाक).

-2 a pyritic ore of iron.

-नायकः 1 the leader of a troop.

-2 a kind of perfume.

-नेमिः f. the periphery or cir- cumference of a wheel; नीचैर्गच्छत्युपरि च दशा चक्रनेमिक्रमेण Me.19.

-पाणिः an epithet of Viṣṇu; Bg.11.49.

-पादः, -पादकः 1 a carriage.

-2 an elephant.

-पालः 1 the governor of a province.

-2 an officer in charge of a division of an army.

-3 horizon.

-4 a circle.

-5 one who carries a discus.

-फलम् a kind of discus.

-बन्धुः, -बान्धवः the sun.

-बालः, -डः, -वालः, -लम्, -डम् 1 a ring, circle.

-2 a collection, group, multitude, mass; कैरव- चक्रवालम् Bh.2.74; प्रकटयसि कुमुच्चैरर्चिषां चक्रवालं Rati.4.16; Mv.6.4; Mu.3.21.; K.126,178.

-3 horizon.

(-लः) 1 a mythical range of mountains supposed to encircle the orb of the earth like a wall and to be the limit of light and darkness.

-2 the ruddy goose.

-बालधिः a dog.

-भृत् m.

1 one who holds a discus.

-2 N. of Viṣṇu.

-भेदिनी night.

-भ्रमः, -भ्रमिः f. a lathe or grind- stone; आरोप्य चक्रभ्रमिमुष्णतेजास्त्वष्ट्रेव यत्नोल्लिखितो विभाति R.6. 32; चक्रभ्रमीवद्धृतशरीरः Sāṅ. K.67.

-भ्रान्तिः f. revolution of wheels; V.1.5.

-मण्डलिन् m. a species of cobra.

-मुखः a hog.

-मुषलः a battle carried on with the dis- cus and club.

-यानम् a wheel-carriage.

-रदः a hog.

-वर्तिन् m.

1 an emperor, universal monarch, sovereign of the world, a ruler whose dominions extend as far as the ocean (आसमुद्रक्षितीश Ak.); पुत्रमेवंगुणोपेतं चक्रवर्तिनमाप्नुहि Ś.1.12; तव तन्वि कुचावेतौ नियतं चक्रवर्तिनौ । आसमुद्रक्षितीशो$पि भवान् यत्र करप्रदः ॥ Udb. (where there is a pun on the word चक्रवर्तिन्, the other meaning being 'resembling in shape the ruddy goose', 'round');

-2 (hence) head, foremost; आपद्गतः किल महाशयचक्रवर्ती विस्तारयत्यकृतपूर्वमुदार- भावम् Bv.1.7; कवयस्तर्कयाञ्चक्रुरित्थं ते चक्रवर्तिनः Parṇal.5.38.

-3 a kind of horse having one or three curls on the shoulder; स्कन्धपार्श्वे यदावर्त एको वा यदि वा त्रयः । चक्रवर्ती स विज्ञेयो वाजी भूपालमन्दिरे ॥ Śālihotra of Bhoj.

-वर्मन् m. N. of a king of Kashmir; चक्रवर्माभिधं राज्ये क्षीणपुण्यो व्यपद्यत Rāj. T.5.287.

-वाकः 1 (

-की f.) the ruddy goose; दूरी- भूते मयि सहचरे चक्रवाकीमिवैकाम् Me.83. ˚बन्धुः the sun.

-2 a kind of horse, having white feet and white eyes; श्वेताभः श्वेतपादश्च तथा स्यात् श्वेतलोचनः । चक्रवाकः स विज्ञेयो राजार्हो वाजि सत्तमः ॥ Śālihotra of Bhoj.

-वाटः 1 a limit, boundary.

-2 a lamp-stand.

-3 engaging in an action.

-वातः a whirl- wind, hurricane; चक्रवातस्वरूपेण जहारासीनमर्भकम् Bhāg.1. 7.2.

-वृद्धिः f.

1. interest upon interest, compound interest; Ms.8.153,156.

-2 wages for transporting goods in a carriage.

-व्यूहः a circular array of troops.

-संज्ञम् tin. (

-ज्ञः) the ruddy goose.

-साह्वयः the ruddy goose.

-हस्तः an epithet of Viṣṇu.

त्रि num. a. [Uṇ.5.66] (declined in pl. only, nom. त्रयः m., तिस्त्रः f., त्रीणि n.) Three; त एव हि त्रयो लोकास्त एव त्रय आश्रमाः &c. Ms.2.229; प्रियतमाभिरसौ तिसृभिर्बभौ R.9.18; त्रीणि वर्षाण्युदीक्षेत कुमार्यृतुमती सती Ms.9.9 [cf. L. tres; Gr. treis; A. S., Zend thri; Eng. three].

-Comp. -अंशः 1 a three-fold share; त्र्यंशं दायाद्धरेद्विप्रः Ms.9.151.

-2 a third part.

-3 three-fourths.

-अक्ष a. triocular.

-अक्षः, -अक्षकः an epithet of Śiva; शुष्कस्नायु- स्वराह्लादात्त्र्यक्षं जग्राह रावणः Pt.5.57.

-अक्षरः 1 the mystic syllable ओम् consisting of three letters; see under अ. आद्यं यत्त्र्यक्षरं ब्रह्म Ms.11.265.

-2 a match- maker or घटक (that word consisting of three syllables).

-3 a genealogist. (

-री) knowledge, learning; see विद्या.

-अङ्कटम्, -अङ्गटम् 1 three strings suspended to either end of a pole for carrying burdens.

-2 a sort of colly- rium. (

-टः) N. of Śiva.

-अङ्गम् (pl.) a tripartite army (chariots, cavalry and infantry).

-अङ्गुलम् three fingers' breadth.

-अञ्जनम् the three kinds of collyrium; i. e. कालाञ्जन, रसाञ्जन and पुष्पाञ्जन.

-अञ्जलम्, -लिः three handfuls taken collectively.

-अधिपतिः (the lord of the 3 guṇas or worlds), an epithet of Viṣṇu; Bhāg.3.16.24.

-अधिष्ठानः the soul. (

नम्) spirit, life (चैतन्य). -a. having three stations; Ms.12.4.

-अध्वगा, -मार्गगा, -वर्त्मगा epithets of the river Ganges (flowing through the three worlds).

-अनीक a. having the three properties of heat, rain and cold; त्यनीकः पत्यते माहिनावान् Rv.3.56.3. (

-का) an army consisting of horses, elephants and chariots.

-अब्द a. three years old.

-ब्दम् three years taken collectively.

-अम्बकः (also त्रियम्बक in the same sense though rarely used in classical literature) 'having three eyes', N. of Śiva.; त्रियम्बकं संयमिनं ददर्श Ku.3.44; जडीकृतस्त्र्यम्बकवीक्षणेन R.2. 42;3.49. ˚सखः an epithet of Kubera; कुबेरस्त्र्यम्बकसखः Ak.

-अम्बका an epithet of Pārvatī

-अशीत a. eighty-third.

-अशीतिः f. eighty-three.

-अष्टन् a. twenty-four.

-अश्र, -अस्र a. triangular. (

-स्रम्) a triangle.

-अहः 1 a period of three days.

-2 a festival lasting three days.

-आर्षेयाः deaf, dumb and blind persons.

-आहिक a.

1 performed or produced in three days.

-2 recurring after the third day, tertian (as fever).

-3 having provision for three days कुशूलकुम्भीधान्यो वा त्र्याहिको$श्वस्तनो$पि वा Y.1.128.

-ऋचम् (

तृचम् also) three Riks taken collectively; Ms.8.16.

-ऐहिक a. having provision for three days.

-ककुद् m.

1 N. of the moun- tain Trikūṭa.

-2 N. of Viṣnu or Kṛiṣṇa.

-3 the highest, chief.

-4 a sacrifice lasting for ten nights.

-ककुभ् m. Ved.

1 Indra.

-2 Indra's thunderbolt.

-कटु dry ginger, black pepper and long pepper taken together as a drug; शिरामोक्षं विधायास्य दद्यात् त्रिकटुकं गुडम् Śālihotra 62.

-कण्टः, -कण्टकः a kind of fish.

-करणी the side of a square 3 times as great as another.

-कर्मन् n. the chief three duties of a Brāhmaṇa i. e. sacrifice, study of the Vedas, and making gifts or charity. (-m.) one who engages in these three duties (as a Brāhmaṇa).

-काण्डम् N. of Amarsiṁha's dictionary.

-कायः N. of Buddha.

-कालम् 1 the three times; the past, the pre- sent, and the future; or morning, noon and evening.

-2 the three tenses (the past, present, and future) of a verb. (

-लम् ind. three times, thrice; ˚ज्ञ, ˚दर्शिन् a. omniscient (m.)

1 a divine sage, seer.

-2 a deity.

-3 N. of Buddha. ˚विद् m.

1 a Buddha.

-2 an Arhat (with the Jainas).

-कूटः N. of a mountain in Ceylon on the top of which was situated Laṅkā, the capital of Rāvaṇa.; Śi.2.5.

-कूटम् sea-salt.

कूर्चकम् a knife with three edges.

-कोण a. triangular, forming a triangle.

(-णः) 1 a triangle.

-2 the vulva.

-खम् 1 tin.

-2 a cucumber.

-खट्वम्, -खट्वी three bed- steads taken collectively.

-क्षाराणि n. (pl.) salt-petre, natron and borax.

-गणः an aggregate of the three objects of worldly existence; i. e. धर्म, अर्थ and काम; न बाधते$स्य त्रिगणः परस्परम् Ki.1.11; see त्रिवर्ग below.

-गत a.

1 tripled.

-2 done in three days.

-गर्ताः (pl.)

1 N. of a country, also called जलन्धर, in the north- west of India.

-2 the people or rulers of that country.

-3 a particular mode of calculation.

-गर्ता 1 a lascivious woman, wanton.

-2 a woman in general.

-3 a pearl.

-4 a kind of cricket.

-गुण a.

1 consisting of three threads; व्रताय मौञ्जीं त्रिगुणां बभार याम् Ku.5.1.

-2 three-times repeated, thrice, treble, threefold, triple; सप्त व्यतीयुस्त्रिगुणानि तस्य (दिनानि) R.2. 25.

-3 containing the three Guṇas सत्त्व, रजस् and तमस्. (

-णम्) the Pradhāna (in Sāṅ. phil.); (-ind.) three times; in three ways.

-णाः m. (pl.) the three quali- ties or constituents of nature; त्रयीमयाय त्रिगुणात्मने नमः K.1.

(-णा) 1 Māyā or illusion (in Vedānta phil.).

-2 an epithet of Durgā.

-गुणाकृतम् ploughed thrice.

-चक्षुस् m. an epithet of Śiva.

-चतुर a. (pl.) three or four; गत्वा जवात्त्रिचतुराणि पदानि सीता B.R.6.34.

-चत्वा- रिंश a. forty-third.

-चत्वारिंशत् f, forty-three.

-जगत् n.

-जगती the three worlds, (1) the heaven, the atmos- phere and the earth; or (2) the heaven, the earth, and the lower world; त्वत्कीर्तिः...... त्रिजगति विहरत्येवमुर्वीश गुर्वी Sūkti.5.59.

-जटः an epithet of Śiva.

-जटा N. of a female demon, one of the Rākṣasa attendants kept by Rāvaṇa to watch over Sītā, when she was retained as a captive in the Aśoka-vanikā. She acted very kindly towards Sītā and induced her companions to do the same; सीतां मायेति शंसन्ति त्रिजटा समजीवयत् R.12.74.

-जातम्, जातकम् The three spices (mace, cardamoms, cinnamon).

-जीवा, -ज्या the sine of three signs or 9˚, a radius.

-णता a bow; कामुकानिव नालीकांस्त्रिणताः सहसामुचन् Śi.19.61.

-णव, -णवन् a. (pl.) three times nine; i. e. 27.

-णाकः the heaven; तावत्त्रिणाकं नहुषः शशास Bhāg.6.13.16.

-णाचिकेतः 1 a part of the Adhvaryu-sacrifice or Yajur- veda, or one who performs a vow connected therewith (according to Kull. on Ms.3.185); Mb.13.9.26.

-2 one who has thrice kindled the Nāchiketa fire or studied the Nāchiketa section of Kāṭhaka; त्रिणाचिकेत- स्त्रिभिरेत्य सन्धिम् Kaṭh.1.17.

-णीता a wife ('thrice married'; it being supposed that a girl belongs to Soma, Gandharva and Agni before she obtains a human husband).

-णेमि a. with three fellies; विचिन्वतो$भूत् सुमहांस्त्रिणेमिः Bhāg.3.8.2.

-तक्षम्, तक्षी three carpen- ters taken collectively.

-दण्डम् 1 the three staves of a Saṁnyāsin (who has resigned the world) tied togethar so as to form one.

-2 the triple subjection of thought, word, and deed. (

-ण्डः) the state of a religious ascetic; ज्ञानवैराग्यरहितस्त्रिदण्डमुपजीवति Bhāg.11.18.4.

-दण्डिन् m.

1 a religious mendicant or Saṁnyāsin who has renounced all worldly attachments, and who carries three long staves tied together so as to form one in his right hand; तल्लिप्सुः स यतिर्भूत्वा त्रिदण्डी द्वारका- मगात् Bhāg.1.86.3.

-2 one who has obtained command over his mind, speech, and body (or thought, word, and deed); cf. वाग्दण्डो$थ मनोदण्डः कायदण्डस्तथैव च । यस्यैते निहिता बुद्धौ त्रिदण्डीति स उच्यते ॥ Ms.12.1.

-दशाः (pl.)

1 thirty.

-2 the thirty-three gods:-- 12 Ādityas, 8 Vasus, 11 Rudras and 2 Aśvins. (

-शः) a god, an immortal; तस्मिन्मघोनस्त्रिदशान्विहाय सहस्रमक्ष्णां युगपत्पपात Ku.3.1. ˚अङ्कुशः (-शम्) the heaven. ˚आयुधम् Indra's thunder- bolt; R.9.54. ˚आयुधम् rainbow; अथ नभस्य इव त्रिदशायुधम् R.9.54. ˚अधिपः, ˚ईश्वरः, ˚पतिः epithets of Indra. ˚अधिपतिः N. of Śiva. ˚अध्यक्षः, ˚अयनः an epithet of Viṣṇu. ˚अरिः a demon. ˚आचार्यः an epithet of Bṛihas- pati. ˚आधार Nectar. ˚आलयः, ˚आवासः

1 heaven.

-2 the mountain Meru.

-3 a god. ˚आहारः 'the food of the gods', nectar. ˚इन्द्रः

1 Indra.

-2 Śiva.

-3 Brahman. ˚गुरुः an epithet of Bṛihaspati, ˚गोपः a kind of insect; (cf. इन्द्रगोप) श्रद्दधे त्रिदशगोपमात्रके दाहशक्तिमिव कृष्णवर्त्मनि R.11.42. ˚दीर्घिका an epithet of the Ganges. ˚पतिः Indra; एषो$प्यैरावतस्थस्त्रिदशपतिः Ratn.4.11. ˚पुङ्गवः Viṣṇu; Rām.1. ˚मञ्जरी the holy basil. ˚वधू, ˚वनिता, an Apsaras or heavenly damsel; कैलासस्य त्रिदशवनितादर्पणस्यातिथिः स्याः Me.6. ˚वर्त्मन् the sky. ˚श्रेष्ठः

1 Agni.

-2 Brahman. ˚दशीभूत Become divine; त्रिदशीभूतपौराणां स्वर्गान्तरमकल्पयत् R.15.12.

-दिनम् three days collectively. ˚स्पृश् m. concurrence of three lunations with one solar day.

-दिवम् 1 the heaven; त्रिमार्गयेव त्रिदिवस्य मार्गः Ku.1.28; Ś.7.3.

-2 sky, atmosphere.

-3 paradise.

-4 happi- ness. (

-वा) cardamoms. ˚अधीशः, ˚ईशः

1 an epithet of Indra.

-2 a god. ˚आलयः the heaven; अश्वमेधजिताँल्लोका- नाप्नोति त्रिदिवालये Mb.13.141.53. ˚उद्भवा

1 the Ganges.

-2 small cardamoms. ˚ओकस् m. a god; वपुषि त्रिदिवौकसां परं सह पुष्पैरपतत्र्छिलीमुखाः Vikr.15.72. ˚गत dead; त्रिदिवगतः किमु वक्ष्यते पिता मे Vikr.6.62.

-दृश् m. an epithet of Śiva.

-दोषम् vitiation or derangement of the three humours of the body, i. e. वात, पित्त and कफ.

-धा ind. in 3 parts, ways or places; triply, ˚त्वम् tripartition; Ch. Up.

-धातुः an epithet of Gaṇeśa;

-तुम् 1 the triple world.

-2 the aggregate of the 3 minerals or humours.

-धामन् m.

1 N. of Viṣṇu.

-2 of Vyāsa;

-3 of Śiva.

-4 of Agni.

-5 death. -n. the heaven; हंसो हंसेन यानेन त्रिधाम परमं ययौ Bhāg.3.24.2.

-धारा the Ganges.

-नयन, -नेत्रः, -लोचनः epithets of Śiva; R.3. 66; Ku.3.66;5.72.

- नवत a. ninety-third.

-नवतिः f. ninety three.

-नयना Pārvat&imacr.

-नाभः Viṣṇu; Bhāg.8. 17.26.

-नेत्रचूडामणिः the moon.

-नेत्रफलः the cocoa-nut tree.

-पञ्च a. three-fold five, i. e. fifteen.

-पञ्चाश a. fiftythird.

-पञ्चाशत् f. fifty-three.

-पुटः glass (काच).

-पताकः 1 the hand with three fingers stretched out or erect.

-2 the forehead marked naturally with three horizontal lines.

-पत्रकः the Palāśa tree.

-पथम् 1 the three paths taken collectively, i. e. the sky, atmosphere, and the earth, or the sky, earth and the lower world.

-2 a place where three roads meet. (

-था) an epithet of Mathura. ˚गा, ˚गामिनी an epithet of the Ganges; गङ्गा त्रिपथगामिनी; धृतसत्पथस्त्रिपथगामभितः स तमारुरोह पुरुहूतसुतः Ki.6.1; Amaru.99.

-पद्, -पाद्, -पात् m. Ved.

1 Viṣṇu.

-2 fever (personified).

-पद a. three-footed. (

-दम्) a tripod; त्रिपदैः करकैः स्थालैः...... Śiva. B.22. 62.

-पदिका 1 a tripod.

-2 a stand with three feet.

-पदी 1 the girth of an elephant; नास्रसत्करिणां ग्रैवं त्रिपदी- च्छेदिनामपि R.4.48.

-2 the Gāyatrī metre.

-3 a tripod.

-4 the plant गोधापदी.

-परिक्रान्त a. one who walks thrice round a sacred fire.

-पर्णः Kiṁśuka tree.

-पाटः 1 intersection of a prolonged side and perpendicular (in a quadrangular figure).

-2 the figure formed by such intersection.

-पाटिका a beak.

पाठिन् a.

1 familiar with Saṁhitā, Pada, and Krama.

-2 one who learns a thing after three repetitions.

-पादः 1 the Supreme Being.

-2 fever.

-पाद् a.

1 having three feet.

-2 con- sisting of three parts, having three fourths; राघवः शिथिलं तस्थौ भुवि धर्मस्त्रिपादिव R.15.96.

-3 trinomial. (-m.)

1 an epithet of Viṣṇu in his dwarf incarnation.

-2 the Supreme Being.

-पिटकम् the 3 collections of Buddhistic sacred writings (सुत्त, विनय and अभिधम्म).

-पुट a. triangular.

(-टः) 1 an arrow.

-2 the palm of the hand.

-3 a cubit.

-4 a bank or shore.

-पुटकः a triangle.

-पुटा an epithet of Durgā.

-पुटिन् m. the castor-oil plant.

-पुण्ड्रम्, -पुण्ड्रक a mark on the forehead consisting of three lines made with cowdung ashes.

-पुरम् 1 a collection of three cities.

-2 the three cities of gold, silver, and iron in the sky, air and earth built for demons by Maya; (these cities were burnt down, along the demons inhabiting them, by Śiva at the request of the gods); Ku.7.48; Amaru.2; संरक्ताभिस्त्रिपुरविजयो गीयते किन्नरीभिः Me.56; Bh.3.123; (

-रः) N. of a demon or demons presiding over these cities. ˚अधिपतिः N. of Maya, ˚अन्तकः, ˚अरिः, ˚घ्नः, ˚दहनः, ˚द्विष् m., हरः &c. epithets of Śiva; अये गौरीनाथ त्रिपुरहर शम्भो त्रिनयन Bh.3.123; R.17.14. ˚दाहः burning of the three cities; मुहुरनुस्मरयन्तमनुक्षपं त्रिपुरदाहमुमापतिसेविनः Ki.5.14. ˚सुन्दरी Durgā.

(-री) 1 N. of a place near Jabalpura, formerly capital of the kings of Chedi.

-2 N. of a country.

-पुरुष a

1 having the length of three men.

-2 having three assistants. (

-षम्) the three ancestors- father, grand-father and great-grand-father.

-पृष्ठम् the highest heaven; Bhāg.1.19.23. (

ष्ठः) Viṣṇu.

-पौरुष a.

1 belonging to, or extending over, three generations of men.

2 offered to three (as oblations).

-3 inherited from three (as an estate).

-प्रस्रुतः an elephant in rut.

-फला (1) the three myrobalans taken collectively, namely, Terminalia Chebula, T. Bellerica, and Phyllanthus (Mar. हिरडा, बेहडा and आंवळकाठी). Also (2) the three sweet fruits (grape, pomegranate, and date); (3) the three fragrant fruits (nutmeg, areca- nut, and cloves).

-बन्धनः the individual soul.

-बलिः, बली, -वलिः, -वली f.

1 the three folds or wrinkles of skin above the navel of a woman (regarded as a mark of beauty); क्षामोदरोपरिलसत्त्रिवलीलतानाम् Bh.1.93,81; cf. Ku.1.39.

-2 the anus.

-बलीकम् the anus.

-बाहुः a kind of fighting with swords.

-ब्रह्मन् a. with ब्रह्मा, विष्णु and महेश.

-भम् three signs of the zodiac, or ninety degrees.

-भङ्गम् a pose in which the image is bent at three parts of the body.

-भद्रम् copulation, sexual union, cohabitation.

-भागः 1 the third part; त्रिभागं ब्रह्महत्यायाः कन्या प्राप्नोति दुष्यती Mb.12.165.42.

-2 the third part of a sign of the zodiac.

-भुक्ल a. one possessed of learning, good conduct and good family-descent (Dānasāgara, Bibliotheca Indica,274, Fasc.1, p.29).

-भुजम् a triangle.

-भुवनम् the three worlds; पुण्यं यायास्त्रिभुवन- गुरोर्धाम चण्डीश्वरस्य Me.35; Bh.1.99. ˚गुरु Śiva. ˚कीर्तिरसः a patent medicine in Āyurveda. ˚पतिः Viṣṇu.

-भूमः a palace with three floors.

-मद the three narcotic plants; the three-fold haughtiness; Bhāg.3.1.43.

-मधु n.

-मधुरम् 1 sugar, honey, and ghee.

-2 three verses of the Ṛigveda (1.9.6-8; मधु वाता ऋतायते˚).

-3 a ceremony based on the same; L. D. B.

-4 threefold utterance of a vedic stanza ˚मधु वाता -m. a reciter and performer of the above ceremony; L. D. B.

-मार्गा the Ganges; त्रिमार्गयेव त्रिदिवस्य मार्गः Ku.1.28.

-मुकुटः the Trikūṭa mountain.

-मुखः an epithet of Buddha.

-मुनि ind. having the three sages पाणिनि, कात्यायन and पतञ्जलि; त्रिमुनि व्याकरणम्.

-मूर्तिः 1 the united form of Brahmā, Viṣṇu, and Maheśa, the Hindu triad; नमस्त्रिमूर्तये तुभ्यं प्रांक्सृष्टेः केवलात्मने । गुणत्रयविभायाय पश्चाद्भेदमुपेयुषे ॥ Ku.2.4.

-2 Buddha, or Jina.

-मूर्धन् m.

1 a demon; त्रयश्च दूषण- खरस्त्रिमूर्धानो रणे हताः U.2.15.

-2 a world called महर्लोक; G&imac;rvāṇa; cf. अमृतं क्षेममभयं त्रिमूर्ध्नो$धायि मूर्धसु Bhāg.2.6.19.

-यव a. weighing 3 barley corns; Ms.8.134.

-यष्टिः a necklace of three strings.

-यामकम् sin.

-यामा 1 night (consisting of 3 watches of praharas, the first and last half prahara being excluded); संक्षिप्येत क्षण इव कथं दीर्घयामा त्रियामा Me.11, Ku.7.21,26; R.9.7; V.3. 22.

-2 turmeric.

-3 the Indigo plant.

-4 the river Yamuṇā.

-युगः an epithet of Viṣṇu; धर्मं महापुरुष पासि युगानुवृत्तं छन्नः कलौ यदभवस्त्रियुगो$थ सत्त्वम् Bhāg.7.9.38; the god in the form of यज्ञपुरुष; Bhāg.5.18.35.

-योनिः a law-suit (in which a person engages from anger, cove- tousness, or infatuation).

-रसकम् spirituous liquor; see त्रिसरकम्.

-रात्र a. lasting for three nights. (

-त्रः) a festival lasting for three nights. (

-त्रम्) a period of three nights.

-रेखः a conch-shell.

-लिङ्ग a. having three genders, i. e. an adjective.

-2 possessing the three Guṇas. (

-गाः) the country called Telaṅga. (

-गी) the three genders taken collectively.

-लोकम् the three worlds. (

-कः) an inhabitant of the three worlds; यद्धर्मसूनोर्बत राजसूये निरीक्ष्य दृक्स्वस्त्ययनं त्रिलोकः Bhāg.3. 2.13. ˚आत्मन् m. the Supreme Being. ˚ईशः the sun. ˚नाथः 'lord of the three worlds', an epithet of

1 Indra; त्रिलोकनाथेन सदा मखद्विषस्त्वया नियम्या ननु दिव्यचक्षुषा R.3.45.

-2 of Śiva; Ku.5.77. ˚रक्षिन् a. protecting the 3 worlds; त्रिलोकरक्षी महिमा हि वज्रिणः V.1.6.

-लोकी the three worlds taken collectively, the universe; सत्यामेव त्रिलोकीसरिति हरशिरश्चुम्बिनीविच्छटायाम् Bh.3.95; Śānti.4.22.

-लोचनः Śiva.

(-ना) 1 an unchaste woman.

-2 an epithet of Durgā.

-लोहकम् the three metals:-- gold, silver, and copper.

-वर्गः 1 the three objects of wordly existence, i. e. धर्म, अर्थ, and काम; अनेन धर्मः सविशेषमद्य मे त्रिवर्गसारः प्रतिभाति भाविनि Ku.5.38; अन्योन्यानुबन्धम् (त्रिवर्गम्) Kau. A.1.7; प्राप त्रिवर्गं बुबुधे$त्रिवर्गम् (मोक्षम्) Bu. Ch.2.41.

-2 the three states of loss, stability, and increase; क्षयः स्थानं च वृद्धिश्च त्रिवर्गो नीतिवेदिनाम् Ak.

-3 the three qualities of nature, i. e. सत्त्व, रजस्, and तमस्.

-4 the three higher castes.

-5 the three myrobalans.

-6 propriety, decorum.

-वर्णकम् the first three of the four castes of Hindus taken collectively.

-वर्ष a. three years old; Ms.5.7.

-वलिः, -ली f. (in comp.) three folds over a woman's navel (regarded as a mark of beauty)

-वली the anus.

-वारम् ind. three times, thrice.

-विक्रमः Viṣṇu in his fifth or dwarf incarnation. ˚रसः a patent medicine in Āyurveda.

-विद्यः a Brāhmaṇa versed in the three Vedas.

-विध a. of three kinds, three-fold.

-विष्टपम्, -पिष्टपम् 1 the world of Indra, heaven; त्रिविष्टपस्येव पतिं जयन्तः R.6.78.

-2 the three worlds. ˚सद् m. a god.

-वृत् a.

1 threefold; मौञ्जी त्रिवृत्समा श्लक्ष्णा कार्या विप्रस्य मेखला Ms.2.42.

-2 consisting of three parts (as three गुणs, विद्याs); Bhāg.3.24.33;1.23.39; (consisting of three letters- ओङ्कार); हिरण्यगर्भो वेदानां मन्त्राणां प्रणवस्त्रिवृत् Bhāg.11.16.12. (-m.)

1 a sacrifice.

-2 a girdle of three strings; Mb.12.47.44.

-3 an amulet of three strings. (-f.) a plant possessing valuable purgative properties. ˚करण combining three things, i. e. earth, water, and fire.

-वृत्तिः livelihood through 3 things (sacrifice, study and alms).

-वेणिः, -णी f. the place near Prayāga where the Ganges joins the Yamunā and receives under ground the Sarasvatī; the place called दक्षिणप्रयाग where the three sacred rivers separate.

-वेणुः 1 The staff (त्रिदण्ड) of a Saṁnyāsin; केचित् त्रिवेणुं जगृहुरेके पात्रं कमण्डलुम् Bhāg.11.23.34.

-2 The pole of a chariot; अथ त्रिवेणुसंपन्नं...... बभञ्ज च महारथम् Rām.3. 51.16; Mb.7.156.83; a three bannered (chariot); Bhāg.4.26.1.

-वेदः a Brāhmaṇa versed in the three Vedas.

-शक्तिः a deity (त्रिकला), Māyā; Bhāg.2.6.31.

-शङ्कुः 1 N. of a celebrated king of the Solar race, king of Ayodhyā and father of Hariśchandra. [He was a wise, pious, and just king, but his chief fault was that he loved his person to an inordinate degree. Desiring to celebrate a sacrifice by virtue of which he could go up to heaven in his mortal body, he requested his family-priest Vasiṣṭha to officiate for him; but being refused he next requested his hundred sons who also rejected his absurd proposal. He, therefore, called them cowardly and impotent, and was, in return for these insults, cursed and degraded by them to be a Chāṇḍāla. While he was in this wretched condition, Viśvāmitra, whose family Triśaṅku had in times of famine laid under deep obligations, undertook to celebrate the sacrifice, and invited all the gods to be present. They, however, declined; whereupon the enraged Viśvāmitra. by his own power lifted up Triśaṅku to the skies with his cherished mortal body. He began to soar higher and higher till his head struck against the vault of the heaven, when he was hurled down head-foremost by Indra and the other gods. The mighty Viśvāmitra, however, arrested him in his downward course, saying 'Stay Triśaṅku', and the unfortunate monarch remained suspended with his head towards the earth as a constellation in the southern hemisphere. Hence the wellknown proverb:-- त्रिशङ्कुरिवान्तरा तिष्ठ Ś.2.]

-2 the Chātaka bird.

-3 a cat.

-4 a grass-hopper.

-5 a fire- fly. ˚जः an epithet of Hariśchandra. ˚याजिन् m. an epithet of Viśvāmitra.

-शत a. three hundred.

(-तम्) 1 one hundred and three.

-2 three hundred.

-शरणः a Buddha.

-शर्करा three kinds of sugar (गुडोत्पन्ना, हिमोत्था, and मधुरा).

-शाख a. three-wrinkled; भ्रुकुट्या भीषणमुखः प्रकृत्यैव त्रिशाखया Ks.12.72.

-शालम् a house with three halls or chambers.

-शिखम् 1 a trident; तदापतद्वै त्रिशिखं गरुत्मते Bhāg.1.59.9.

-2 a crown or crest (with three points).

-शिरस् m.

1 N. of a demon killed by Rāma.

-2 an epithet of Kubera.

-3 fever. त्रिशिरस्ते प्रसन्नो$स्मि व्येतु ते मज्ज्वराद्भयम् Bhāg.1.63.29.

-शीर्षः Śiva.

-शीर्षकम्, -शूलम् a trident. ˚अङ्कः, ˚धारिन् m. an epithet of Śiva.

-शुक्लम् the holy combination of 'three days' viz. Uttarāyaṇa (day of the gods), the bright half of the moon (day of the manes) and day- time; त्रिशुक्ले मरणं यस्य, L. D. B.

-शूलिन् m. an epithet of Śiva.

-शृङ्गः 1 the Trikūṭa mountain.

-2 a triangle.

-शोकः the soul.

-षष्टिः f. sixty-three.

-ष्टुभ् f. a metre of 4 x 11 syllables.

-संध्यम्, -संध्यी the three periods of the day, i. e. dawn, noon, and sunset; also

-त्रिसवनम् (

-षवणम्); Ms.11.216.

-संध्यम् ind. at the time of the three Sandhyas; सान्निध्यं पुष्करे येषां त्रिसन्ध्यं कुरुनन्दन Mb.

-सप्तत a. seventy-third.

-सप्ततिः f. seventy-three.

-सप्तन्, -सप्त a. (pl.) three times 7, i. e. 21.

-सम a. (in geom.) having three equal sides, equilateral.

-सरः milk, sesamum and rice boiled together.

-सरकम् drinking wine thrice ('सरकं शीधुपात्रे स्यात् शीधुपाने च शीधुनि' इति विश्वः); प्रातिभं त्रिसरकेण गतानाम् Śi.1.12.

-सर्गः the creation of the 3 Guṇas; Bhāg.1.1.1.

-साधन a. having a threefold causality; R.3.13.

-सामन् a. singing 3 Sāmans (an उद्गातृ); उद्गाता तत्र संग्रामे त्रिसामा दुन्दुभिर्नृप Mb.12.98.27.

-साम्यम् an equilibrium of the three (qualities); Bhāg.2.7.4.

-सुपर्णः, -र्णम् 1 N. of the three Ṛigvedic verses (Rv.1.114.3-5).

-2 N. of T. Ār.1.48-5; -a. familiar with or reciting these verses; Ms.3.185.

-स्थली the three sacred places: काशी, प्रयाग, and गया.

-स्थानम् the head, neck and chest to- gether; तन्त्रीलयसमायुक्तं त्रिस्थानकरणान्वितम् Rām.7.71.15. -a.

1 having 3 dwelling places.

-2 extending through the 3 worlds.

-स्रोतस् f. an epithet of the Ganges; त्रिस्रोतसं वहति यो गगनप्रतिष्ठाम् Ś.7.6; R.1.63; Ku.7.15.

-सीत्य, -हल्य a. ploughed thrice (as a field).

-हायण a. three years old.